{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5","title":"帝国：全球化的政治秩序","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214049100","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5","id":"6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5","uuid":"6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5","title":"帝国：全球化的政治秩序","normalized_title":"帝国全球化的政治秩序","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214049100","isbns":["9787214049100"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":416,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%9A%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%8C%96%E7%9A%84%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E7%A7%A9%E5%BA%8F","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5/search"},"page":{"printed_page":286,"pdf_page":304,"physical_index":304,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"3793d90970c445f003b0aee7dad5c12c04139dc4fd2d23fe40db0655b9e4cfc7"},"chapter":"第十三章 后现代化或生产的信息化","content":"简而言之，我们可以区分三种类型的非物质劳动，它们驱使服务部门处在信息经济的顶端。第一种出现在已被信息化和已经融汇了通讯技术的一种大工业生产中，这种融汇的方式改造了生产过程自身。生产被视为一种服务，生产耐用物品的物质劳动和非物质劳动相混合并趋向非物质劳动。第二种非物质劳动带有分析的创造性和象征的任务，它一方面自身分解成为创造性和智能的控制，另一方面成为日常的象征性任务。最后，第三种非物质劳动涉及感情的生产与控制，并要求(虚拟的或实际的)人际交往，即身体模式上的劳动。这些就是成为全球经济的后现代化动力的三种劳动。\n\n在继续讨论之前，我们应该指出，在这些形式的每一种非物质劳动中，合作完全内含于劳动本身。非物质劳动立即涉及到社会的互动和合作。换而言之，非物质劳动的合作方面并非像以前各种劳动形式那样由外界强加或组织起来；相反，合作完全内在于劳动活动自身。①这一事实对旧观念予以质疑(和古典的及马克思的政治经济学相等同)；在这种观念中，劳动力被视为“可变资本”，即只受资本激发与聚合的一种力量，因为劳动力的合作力量(尤其非物质劳动力)赋予劳动维持其自身价值的可能性。大脑与身体仍需要他者产生价值，但它们所需的他者并不必然由资本及其协调生产的能力来提供。如今，生产率、财富和社会剩余价值的创造通过语言的、交际的与情感的网络采取了合作的互动性的方式。于是非物质劳动在展现其自身的创造性能量中似乎为一种自发和基本的共产主义提供了潜力。\n\n政治学前沿系列·帝国\n\n① Dorothy Smith, The Everyday World as Problematic : A Feminist Sociology (Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1987)。\n\n286","previous_page":285,"next_page":287}