{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5","title":"帝国：全球化的政治秩序","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214049100","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5","id":"6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5","uuid":"6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5","title":"帝国：全球化的政治秩序","normalized_title":"帝国全球化的政治秩序","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214049100","isbns":["9787214049100"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":416,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%9A%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%8C%96%E7%9A%84%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E7%A7%A9%E5%BA%8F","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6501a938-d72c-455e-aee4-85513a77faa5/search"},"page":{"printed_page":75,"pdf_page":93,"physical_index":93,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"1d7a3f7a76a0073f10d1263c3bc4f63568bbc84f5c3c6ebcc94f45d37bcbc9da"},"chapter":"第四章 两个欧洲，两种现代性","content":"欧洲现代性之起源的一个特点是它发源于一个世俗化过程，这个过程拒绝了神圣和超验对世俗事务的权威。这个过程当然十分重要，但在我们看来，它也仅是现代性的原初事件所表现出的一个迹象：肯定此岸世界之权力，发现内在性层面。“每个实体都拥有其独特的本质。”①邓斯·司各脱的这句话完全颠倒了中世纪的存在概念，因为根据中世纪的概念，存在之物是可类比的，因此是二元的、可预测的。一个存在体的一半居于此岸世界之中，而另一半则居于超验的彼岸世界之中。司各脱说这句话时，时代正处在14世纪之初，处在中世纪末期的动乱之中。司各脱告诉他的同辈人，要医治时代的动乱，就必须把人们的思想重新集中到存在的个别性上。这种个别性并非朝生夕灭，或偶然发生的，而是本体所固有的。在远离司各脱所居住的不列颠北部数千英里的意大利，但丁对司各脱进行了呼应，这充分证明了司各脱的言论的力量。“这种个别的存在具有强大力量，”因为它是实现一切可能的智慧力量的驱动力。②就在欧洲现代性诞生之初，人类在自己的世界中发现了自己的力量，并把这新获得的尊重糅合成对理智和潜力的全新认识。\n\n第四章 两个欧洲，两种现代性\n\n①参见 Johannes Duns Scotus 的 Opus Oxoniense, Book IV, Distinctio XⅧ, Quaestio I,收录于Opera Omnia ,vol.8(Hildesheim: Georg Olms Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1969)。\n\n②参见Dante Alighieri 的De Monarchia,Louis Bertalot 编(Frankfurt:Friedrichsdorf,1918)。\n\n75","previous_page":74,"next_page":76}