{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","title":"第三次浪潮","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787508685069","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","id":"6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","uuid":"6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","title":"第三次浪潮","normalized_title":"第三次浪潮","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787508685069","isbns":["9787508685069"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":482,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E6%AC%A1%E6%B5%AA%E6%BD%AE","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17/search"},"page":{"printed_page":185,"pdf_page":203,"physical_index":203,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"d5a5395e18e8c9932b66675d727335cdb80a1ceb958a113d9eb6946d8016239b"},"chapter":"第十五章超越批量生产的阶段","content":"五角大楼的一项分析显示，91亿美元可确定去向的开销中，有78%（约71亿美元）用于购买每批不到100件的产品。即使是需要批量生产零件的工业，所有的零件也往往会组合成不同的成品，这些成品的生产数量并不大。\n\n你只要看看在高速公路上行驶的各种汽车，就会发现以往相当划一的汽车市场，现在已经有所区分，迫使汽车制造商不得不满足不同顾客的需要。欧洲、美国和日本的汽车制造厂仍然批量生产零件，然后再把零件拼凑成千万种组合。\n\n你不妨注意一下最普通的圆领衫。批量生产的圆领衫上可以印上不同的设计和字样，显示出穿着者到底是贝多芬迷还是“啤酒桶”。圆领衫这类商品正处于批量生产和多样化生产的中间阶段。\n\n超越了这个阶段，当然就是纯粹的定制生产，每种产品只有一件。这正是我们发展的方向：按顾客的个别需求制造产品。\n\n兰德公司信息服务部主管罗伯特·H.安德森(RobertH.Anderson)以制造业专家的身份指出：“在不久的将来，定制生产会和批量生产一样容易。我们已经超越了模型，不再是制造一些模型，然后把它们拼合。我们正迈向纯粹的定制生产阶段，就和定做衣服一样。”\n\n定制生产的趋势可以从如下事例中看出：几年前，成衣界启用了一种由计算机操纵的激光枪。在第二次浪潮没有掀起批量生产风气以前，如果一个人想要做一件衣服，他只能去找裁缝或者请自己的太太替他缝制。这件衣服完全是根据他的身材手工裁制的。\n\n第十五章 超越批量生产的阶段\n\n185","previous_page":184,"next_page":186}