{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","title":"第三次浪潮","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787508685069","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","id":"6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","uuid":"6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","title":"第三次浪潮","normalized_title":"第三次浪潮","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787508685069","isbns":["9787508685069"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":482,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E6%AC%A1%E6%B5%AA%E6%BD%AE","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17/search"},"page":{"printed_page":21,"pdf_page":39,"physical_index":39,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"d6cda8a9fb310d4e4013d84285e6609df985c672d6089a260b3fa4ac87dd6595"},"chapter":"第二章 文明的结构","content":"这些第二次浪潮下的社会虽然在语言、文化、历史和政治方面存在着明显的差异（因为差异太大，战争应运而生)，但也具有共同的特点。事实上，在显著的差别之下隐藏着相似之处。\n\n要了解今天变化的冲击浪涛，我们必须能够清楚地辨认所有工业国家相似的结构——第二次浪潮文明潜在的架构，因为今日摇摇欲坠的正是工业的架构。\n\n活电池\n\n任何新旧文明的先决条件都是能源。第一次浪潮社会从“活电池”（人力、畜力）或太阳、风和水中获取能源。森林因烹饪和取暖的需求而遭到砍伐；水车利用水流的力量来运转，从而转动石磨；风车在田野间作响；家畜牵犁。据估计，直到法国大革命时，欧洲能源仍来自约1400万匹马和约2400万头牛。所有第一次浪潮社会使用的能源都是可再生能源，大自然最后总可以重新补充人们砍伐的森林、张帆的风、转动水车的水流，就连动物和人也是可再生的“能源奴隶”。\n\n相反，所有第二次浪潮社会开始从煤、天然气和石油等不可再生的化石燃料中获取能源。纽科门（Newcomen）在1712年发明了一台可以运转的蒸汽机后，掀起了革命性的改变，新的文明首度吃自然的老本，而不只是靠利息维生。\n\n第二章 文明的结构\n\n021","previous_page":20,"next_page":22}