{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","title":"第三次浪潮","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787508685069","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","id":"6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","uuid":"6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","title":"第三次浪潮","normalized_title":"第三次浪潮","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787508685069","isbns":["9787508685069"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":482,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E6%AC%A1%E6%B5%AA%E6%BD%AE","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17/search"},"page":{"printed_page":30,"pdf_page":48,"physical_index":48,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"7f1fc28edb220584dcad72ac3d8f89dba6e2f2ed9de8d23e1346c78788b0ed5f"},"chapter":"第二章 文明的结构","content":"纸片满天飞\n\n从古至今，所有人都依靠面对面、人对人的通信方式，但是跨越时空传送消息的需求自古有之。古波斯人建筑高塔或“喊话站”，让声音尖锐、洪亮的人在塔与塔之间喊话，借以传递消息。古罗马人则利用一种广泛的信差服务，叫作“公共邮路”。从1305年到19世纪初，“出租社”经营着遍布全欧洲的小马快递服务。1628年时它雇用了2万人，信差穿着蓝银相间的制服，横越大陆，为君主、将军、商人、放高利贷者传递消息。\n\n第一次浪潮时代，所有这些传递工具都只为有钱有势的人服务，一般人无法使用，正如历史学家劳林·齐利亚克斯（LaurinZilliacus）所说：“连用其他方式送信都会引起当权者疑心或者遭到禁止。”总之，面对面交换消息是开放的，但利用新系统来传递消息到家庭或村庄之外在被禁止之列，其被用于对社会和政治加以控制，是领导阶层统治的武器。\n\n第二次浪潮由一个国家波及另一个国家，摧毁了这种通信方式的垄断局面。这并不是因为有钱有势的人突然间主张利他主义，而是因为第二次浪潮科技与工厂的批量生产需要大规模的通信活动，而以往的传统通信方式已无力承担。\n\n在原始社会和第一次浪潮社会里，经济生产所需要的信息比较简单，而且往往唾手可得，在形式上也多半是口述或打手势。相反，第二次浪潮经济需要人们在不同场所紧密协调并一致行动，不仅需要生产原料，而且必须提供大量信息并仔细地传送出去。\n\n第三次浪潮\n\n030","previous_page":29,"next_page":31}