{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","title":"第三次浪潮","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787508685069","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","id":"6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","uuid":"6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","title":"第三次浪潮","normalized_title":"第三次浪潮","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787508685069","isbns":["9787508685069"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":482,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E6%AC%A1%E6%B5%AA%E6%BD%AE","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17/search"},"page":{"printed_page":318,"pdf_page":336,"physical_index":336,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"1979aeb8371cdaec764a9c99a83b1d242af4c9c60ab1598c8f66ce071f6c197e"},"chapter":"第二十一章 思想的变动","content":"逐渐成形的第三次浪潮因果论显示出一个交互影响之下的复杂世界、一个充满惊人事物的世界，其中有促成改变也有压抑改变的因素，还有许多其他因素—不只是可预期的撞球相碰，还有在宇宙台球桌上永无止境的互相碰撞。这个世界比第二次浪潮的机械论还要奇妙。\n\n是不是每件事情都如第二次浪潮机械因果论所言，可以根据原则来推论？或者如批评机械论的人所说，是注定无法预测的？我们是被运气还是宿命左右？\n\n第三次浪潮的因果论对于这个古老的矛盾也有令人兴奋的新看法，至少能帮助我们避开决定论者和反决定论者争论不休的二选一陷阱：宿命的必然还是机运的偶然？不落入任何一个陷阱可能是第三次浪潮在哲学上最重大的突破。\n\n白蚁的教训\n\n普里果金博士和他在布鲁塞尔自由大学及得克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的工作小组，直接攻击第二次浪潮的假设。他们证明，化学和其他结构通过必然与偶然的混合，可以跃入一个更高阶段的差异性和复杂性。普里果金也因此获得诺贝尔化学奖。\n\n普里果金出生于莫斯科，幼年时迁居比利时，年轻时即对时间问题深感兴趣，他对两种相冲突的观念深感困惑：一种观点是物理学家对熵的信念——宇宙的运转正逐渐变慢，所有有组织的形态最后必然会衰退；另一种观点是生物学认为，生命本身就是组织，我们一直在不停地迈向更高阶、更复杂的组织。熵是一个方向，进化又是另一个方向。\n\n第三次浪潮\n\n318","previous_page":317,"next_page":319}