{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","title":"第三次浪潮","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787508685069","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","id":"6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","uuid":"6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","title":"第三次浪潮","normalized_title":"第三次浪潮","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787508685069","isbns":["9787508685069"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":482,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E6%AC%A1%E6%B5%AA%E6%BD%AE","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17/search"},"page":{"printed_page":419,"pdf_page":437,"physical_index":437,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"8ecf771166b37068a68bc8ec728148dadfb93cc1c4adcd7fab9a7ab8f8b63aa1"},"chapter":"第二十七章 政治的归宿","content":"第二次浪潮的领导者正好相反，他们的权力与个人无关，是一种抽象的权力。他们对于许多事物都有决策权，从控制媒体到管理总体经济。他们的决定要通过一连串的组织执行，他们必须了解并且配合这些组织之间的复杂关系。他们要识字，能进行抽象思考。他们手下没有贵族，却有复杂的领导阶层和分支领导阶层。同时，他们的权威（即使身为独裁者也一样）至少在名义上是受制于宪法、法律判决、政党条件及舆论力量的。\n\n在这种冲突的情况下，“最强”的第一次浪潮领导者如果迈入第二次浪潮的政治架构，可能会比“最弱”的第二次浪潮领导者还要脆弱、糊涂、古怪、愚昧。\n\n同样地，今天我们正迈入一个新文明时代，罗斯福、丘吉尔、戴高乐、阿登纳或斯大林等工业社会的“强人”都已经不合时宜了。人们希望找寻果断、坚强、顽固的领导人物，比如肯尼迪、康纳利、里根、希拉克或撒切尔夫人，但这只不过是一种怀旧的心理，希望根据落伍的假设找到一个父亲或母亲的形象。今天领导能力的衰弱与其说是个人条件的问题，不如说是领导权力导致的机构崩溃的结果。\n\n第二十七章 政治的归宿\n\n419","previous_page":418,"next_page":420}