{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","title":"第三次浪潮","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787508685069","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","id":"6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","uuid":"6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","title":"第三次浪潮","normalized_title":"第三次浪潮","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787508685069","isbns":["9787508685069"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":482,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E6%AC%A1%E6%B5%AA%E6%BD%AE","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17/search"},"page":{"printed_page":423,"pdf_page":441,"physical_index":441,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"51fca8e3c34351391d24bcad9dcd98945c1314b280aa16993e9956b64a34d88b"},"chapter":"第二十七章 政治的归宿","content":"政府经常希望通过集权的手法解决问题，任命一个“独裁者”去改革官僚制度。这个独裁者昧于一切不利的影响，大力进行改革，结果制造了更多的繁文节，而且很快就被免职，因为集权已经行不通了。另一个现象就是各部门间有数不清的委员会来协调和评估决策。结果决策必须通过的关卡越来越多，官僚制度的迷宫也日趋复杂。我们现有的政府和政治结构十分落伍，因为它们都是利用第二次浪潮的镜片来观察这个世界的。\n\n这种情形造成了另一个问题。\n\n速度加快\n\n第二次浪潮的政府和议会在设计之初是以相当闲散的步调来拟定决策的。当时一个消息从波士顿或纽约到达费城要花上一周时间。今天霍梅尼在德黑兰逮住了人质，在库姆咳嗽一声，华盛顿莫斯科、巴黎、伦敦的高级官员在几分钟内就要有所决定。迅雷不及掩耳的变化使政府和政客无所遁形，他们当然会觉得无助和困惑，这种情形新闻界说得最清楚。《广告时代》（AdvertisingAge）指出，“就在3个月以前，白宫还告诉消费者在掏腰包之前要多考虑，现在却敦促消费者自由花钱”。据德国《外交政策》(Aussenpolitik)杂志报道，石油专家曾预测石油价格会上涨，可是绝没有想到真实的上涨速度。1974—1975年的经济衰退以《财富》杂志所谓的“令人眩晕的速度和威力”给美国的决策者当头棒喝。\n\n第二十七章 政治的归宿\n\n423","previous_page":422,"next_page":424}