{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","title":"第三次浪潮","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787508685069","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","id":"6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","uuid":"6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","title":"第三次浪潮","normalized_title":"第三次浪潮","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787508685069","isbns":["9787508685069"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":482,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E6%AC%A1%E6%B5%AA%E6%BD%AE","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/6c8738ac-131b-4594-8c38-912b14f40f17/search"},"page":{"printed_page":88,"pdf_page":106,"physical_index":106,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"bcc898db7dbad34c9aeef41473efcb448a1301dfa5541f38781b22078415958b"},"chapter":"第八章 帝国的动力","content":"第二次浪潮改变了较小规模的殖民行为，形成了大企业，使小帝国主义成为大帝国主义。\n\n这个新兴帝国主义的目标不再仅限于带回几箱金子、翡翠、香料和绸缎，最后满载而归的是一船又一船的硝酸钠、棉花、棕榈油、锡、橡胶、铝土矿、钨矿；这个新兴帝国主义在刚果挖掘铜矿，在阿拉伯埋设石油管道；这个新兴帝国主义从殖民地搜刮原料，经过加工，源源不断地将制成品以高价卖回给殖民地。总之这个新兴帝国主义不再有分歧，而统一成工业国家基本的经济结构，成千上万名劳动者的就业均赖之维生。\n\n除了新原料外，欧洲还需要大量食物。由于第二次浪潮国家转向制造业，把乡村劳工带入工厂，不得不从国外进口更多食物—牛肉、羊肉、谷物、咖啡、茶、糖，这些食物要从印度、中国、非洲、西印度群岛和中美洲进口。\n\n随着生产规模的扩大，新工业领导阶层为了投资需要更大的市场和新的销售对象。19世纪80—90年代的欧洲政治家谈到他们的目标时总是大言不惭。英国政治家约瑟夫·张伯伦(JosephChamberlain）认为：“帝国即商业。”法国总理朱尔·费里（JulesFerry）更是坦言道，法国需要的是“满足我们企业、出口和资金需求的销售对象”。欧洲领袖受到经济起伏的影响，多年来面对着长期的失业状况，一直担心万一殖民地扩张受阻，失业就会导致国内的武装叛变。\n\n第三次浪潮\n\n088","previous_page":null,"next_page":89}