{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"72c4da97-7cf2-441a-a985-c1252297d6a3","title":"人工智能的进化 计算机思维离人类心智还有多远","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787508685670","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"72c4da97-7cf2-441a-a985-c1252297d6a3","id":"72c4da97-7cf2-441a-a985-c1252297d6a3","uuid":"72c4da97-7cf2-441a-a985-c1252297d6a3","title":"人工智能的进化 计算机思维离人类心智还有多远","normalized_title":"人工智能的进化计算机思维离人类心智还有多远","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787508685670","isbns":["9787508685670"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":216,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/72c4da97-7cf2-441a-a985-c1252297d6a3","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E5%8C%96%20%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E6%80%9D%E7%BB%B4%E7%A6%BB%E4%BA%BA%E7%B1%BB%E5%BF%83%E6%99%BA%E8%BF%98%E6%9C%89%E5%A4%9A%E8%BF%9C","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/72c4da97-7cf2-441a-a985-c1252297d6a3/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/72c4da97-7cf2-441a-a985-c1252297d6a3/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/72c4da97-7cf2-441a-a985-c1252297d6a3","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/72c4da97-7cf2-441a-a985-c1252297d6a3/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/72c4da97-7cf2-441a-a985-c1252297d6a3/search"},"page":{"printed_page":131,"pdf_page":142,"physical_index":142,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"de2004b24e75610c5d0e2b70f092322f88ff97e4708a7aaa668cf01c5041f7be"},"chapter":"第五章","content":"一切都源自图灵机\n\n“计算”这个概念虽然易于识别，却难以定义。有一种说法认为，计算就是计算机所做的工作。但是，人类也可以进行计算的工作(事实上，图灵提到的“电脑”指的是人，而不是机器)，并且计算机所做的也并不都是计算工作（如发送电子邮件和打印文件)。\n\n当某人做减法时，比如从千位上减1、百位上加10，我们认为这是一种计算。但当我们看到一辆汽车撞翻了一张桌子时，我们却并不认为这是计算。\n\n大致来讲，当过程中涉及步骤或序列，且该步骤或序列被限制在一定范围内时，我们就认定其为计算。两个数字间的减法是逐列进行的；列数越多，计算过程便越长。我们不妨将汽车撞翻桌子时的能量转移想象成一个整体的变化。我们无须考虑桌子最远端对于汽车碰撞的瞬间反应，这毕竞要取决于桌子的大小。\n\n(但这只是大体上正确。我们不难想到，现代计算机能够同时处理大量的数据计算。我们能够对物理过程进行电脑模拟计算，以确定汽车撞翻桌子的瞬间动能是如何转化和分解的，然后再重新集合在一起。）其实，我们不必纠结于如何给“计算”下定义，只需要选取一个实例，建立一个具体的模型，分析其属性，然后再决定该定义是否完善就可以了。这样做更有实际意义。\n\n第日章符号与符号处理\n\n131","previous_page":130,"next_page":132}