{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"72c4da97-7cf2-441a-a985-c1252297d6a3","title":"人工智能的进化 计算机思维离人类心智还有多远","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787508685670","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"72c4da97-7cf2-441a-a985-c1252297d6a3","id":"72c4da97-7cf2-441a-a985-c1252297d6a3","uuid":"72c4da97-7cf2-441a-a985-c1252297d6a3","title":"人工智能的进化 计算机思维离人类心智还有多远","normalized_title":"人工智能的进化计算机思维离人类心智还有多远","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787508685670","isbns":["9787508685670"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":216,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/72c4da97-7cf2-441a-a985-c1252297d6a3","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%9B%E5%8C%96%20%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E6%80%9D%E7%BB%B4%E7%A6%BB%E4%BA%BA%E7%B1%BB%E5%BF%83%E6%99%BA%E8%BF%98%E6%9C%89%E5%A4%9A%E8%BF%9C","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/72c4da97-7cf2-441a-a985-c1252297d6a3/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/72c4da97-7cf2-441a-a985-c1252297d6a3/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/72c4da97-7cf2-441a-a985-c1252297d6a3","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/72c4da97-7cf2-441a-a985-c1252297d6a3/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/72c4da97-7cf2-441a-a985-c1252297d6a3/search"},"page":{"printed_page":183,"pdf_page":194,"physical_index":194,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"74797429a9b80be6fc8cf8c17bc9deb73301d2b400d42803d60cbf2e61c280ea"},"chapter":"第7章 长尾理论与培训的界限","content":"有关幼儿使用语言处理语言和其他问题的信息，参见TheChild's Conception ofLanguage。唐·佩利（Don Perlis）认为这是语言会话能力的核心(参见Conversational adequacy:mistakes arethe essence )o\n\n海伦·凯勒的生平故事可以在 The Story of My Life —书中找到。第一部分和第二部分均由凯勒自己完成。第三部分摘自安妮·沙利文的书信和报道(本章中的书信也是引自此处)。威廉·拉帕波特对凯勒与人工智能相关性的分析出自HowHelenKeller used syntactic semantics to escape from a Chinese Room —文。我坚信，我们从她身上学到了许多关于人类思维和人类精神的内容。\n\n第7章 长尾理论与培训的界限\n\n本章的主题之一是人们如何利用常识处理之前未曾经历过的全新的情况。但纳西姆·塔勒布认为大多数人，尤其是投资者非常不善于处理这些“黑天鹅”(见 The Black Swan:The Impactofthe HighlyImprobable)。这里并不矛盾，常识就是处理新出现的情况，但投资者的任务更为棘手，需要分析评估所有可能发生的情况。在决定购买某只股票前，投资者必须考虑到所有可能导致股票下跌的因素。塔勒布认为，人们并不善于把握黑天鹅。例如，在文中提到的英国国家语料库中，有些词语出现的概率只有千万分之一，似乎可以忽略不计，但实际上这种词语非常多，如果忽略就会出大问题。英国国家语料库的信息可以在网上查到(见http://www.natcorp.ox.ac.uk/)。厄尼·戴维斯(ErnieDavis)对该语料库中大量存在的罕见词进行了观察，更多细节可以参考他的教材 Linear Algebra and Probability for Computer ScienceApplications的第 274 页。\n\n注 释\n\n183","previous_page":182,"next_page":184}