{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"73462e2f-8128-4e02-9df8-6ef0a6215a05","title":"信息拜物教 批判与解构","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787802309937","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"73462e2f-8128-4e02-9df8-6ef0a6215a05","id":"73462e2f-8128-4e02-9df8-6ef0a6215a05","uuid":"73462e2f-8128-4e02-9df8-6ef0a6215a05","title":"信息拜物教 批判与解构","normalized_title":"信息拜物教批判与解构","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787802309937","isbns":["9787802309937"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":302,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/73462e2f-8128-4e02-9df8-6ef0a6215a05","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8B%9C%E7%89%A9%E6%95%99%20%E6%89%B9%E5%88%A4%E4%B8%8E%E8%A7%A3%E6%9E%84","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/73462e2f-8128-4e02-9df8-6ef0a6215a05/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/73462e2f-8128-4e02-9df8-6ef0a6215a05/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/73462e2f-8128-4e02-9df8-6ef0a6215a05","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/73462e2f-8128-4e02-9df8-6ef0a6215a05/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/73462e2f-8128-4e02-9df8-6ef0a6215a05/search"},"page":{"printed_page":91,"pdf_page":106,"physical_index":106,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"37e3224492906e5f36a720defa60943220f9b784c185af21c29e35bf42a16bad"},"chapter":"第四章商业用户与美国电信系统的发展","content":"第四章商业用户与美国电信系统的发展\n\n人们一直认为，有远见的管理层、才华横溢的工程师，甚至政府官员，共同规划了美国电信系统的发展。相比之下，人们常常忽略网络系统和服务的商业用户，不把他们当作一股参与力量。1然而事实是，近几十年来，电信业的工业、金融和商业用户在发展这种关键基础设施方面扮演了建设性的角色，而且在许多关键点上是决定性的。他们通过把私下的组织活动与公开的政治行动结合在一起而做到方面，他们对政策的发言权，特别是对新网络技术采用的决策权也越来越大，这就使得他们组织起来更有效地争取利益、表达需要。本章通过对这段重要却鲜为人知的历史的发掘，为本书的主题奠定如下基调：信息化的资本主义是普遍现象，而不只是局部的政治经济现象。[2]\n\n商业用户和早期的系统开发\n\n人们通常从供应方的角度书写电信业的历史，为的是强调运营商在为社会提供多种多样的网络系统和服务中所起的作用。这种做法是错误的，也造成了不幸后果，因为它一再使反垄断原则—而不是社会需要—成为受人们偏爱的政策框架。\n\n91","previous_page":null,"next_page":92}