{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","title":"规则的悖论 想象背后的技术、愚笨与权力诱惑 = The Utopia of Rules On Technology, Stupidity, and the Secret Joys of Bureaucracy","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","id":"7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","uuid":"7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","title":"规则的悖论 想象背后的技术、愚笨与权力诱惑 = The Utopia of Rules On Technology, Stupidity, and the Secret Joys of Bureaucracy","normalized_title":"规则的悖论想象背后的技术愚笨与权力诱惑theutopiaofrulesontechnologystupidityandthesecretjoysofbureaucracy","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"isbns":[],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":236,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E8%A7%84%E5%88%99%E7%9A%84%E6%82%96%E8%AE%BA%20%E6%83%B3%E8%B1%A1%E8%83%8C%E5%90%8E%E7%9A%84%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E3%80%81%E6%84%9A%E7%AC%A8%E4%B8%8E%E6%9D%83%E5%8A%9B%E8%AF%B1%E6%83%91%20%3D%20The%20Utopia%20of%20Rules%20On%20Technology%2C%20Stupidity%2C%20and%20the%20Secret%20Joys%20of%20Bureaucracy","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e/search"},"page":{"printed_page":132,"pdf_page":131,"physical_index":131,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"a65b67ab2eb733a45ff0bf73d0847ddabcc810afae6a67ba41b09fa4794435fd"},"chapter":"第三章 规则的乌托邦，或为什么我们终究还是喜欢官僚制","content":"该论点的一个略有不同的变体，也是马克斯·韦伯关于这个主题的核心反思，是官僚制一经创建，就会立刻把自己变得不可或缺，让任何试图运用权力做任何事的人都绕不开它。它的主要做法就是尝试垄断某些关键类型的信息。对此，值得详细引用韦伯的话：\n\n任何官僚制在追求的这种职业内部人的优势，都会通过对它的信息和意图的保密手段而进一步增大。官僚制行政总是倾向于排斥公众，尽可能隐蔽它的信息和行动以避免批评……\n\n“会务机密”的概念就是官僚制的特殊发明，除了上面提到的那些特殊领域以外，它还会迷恋于使用这一概念对几乎任何事情进行保密，而这种态度按照纯粹的功能性理由来说是不可能站得住脚的。在面对一个议会时，官僚出于一种可靠的权力本能，会想方设法战胜该机构凭借自己的手段获取有关方面内部信息的任何企图……\n\n面对官僚制内行的优势知识，专制君主也是软弱无力的，在某种意义上说要比任何其他政治首脑更软弱无力。腓特烈大帝那些怒气冲冲的“废除农奴制”法令都在贯彻过程中出了轨，因为官员的机制完全把它们当作一个半吊子的心血来潮而置之不理。一个立宪国王只要与社会上举足轻重的那部分被治理者达成了一致，那么他对行政过程的影响往往会大于专制君主，因为他能够更好地控制专家，这是至少相对公开的批评给他提供的条件，而专制君主却只能依赖官僚为他提供的信息。旧制度下（1905年设置总理大臣之前）的俄国沙皇很少能把得罪官僚并侵犯其权力利益的任何事情贯彻到底。1\n\n就像韦伯观察到的，官僚制的副作用之一就是它一经建立，便几乎不可能摆脱。我们所知的最早的官僚制出现在美索不达米亚和埃及。数千年间，王朝或统治精英更迭，而它们却始终存续，基本上未有改变。\n\n132","previous_page":131,"next_page":133}