{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","title":"规则的悖论 想象背后的技术、愚笨与权力诱惑 = The Utopia of Rules On Technology, Stupidity, and the Secret Joys of Bureaucracy","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","id":"7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","uuid":"7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","title":"规则的悖论 想象背后的技术、愚笨与权力诱惑 = The Utopia of Rules On Technology, Stupidity, and the Secret Joys of Bureaucracy","normalized_title":"规则的悖论想象背后的技术愚笨与权力诱惑theutopiaofrulesontechnologystupidityandthesecretjoysofbureaucracy","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"isbns":[],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":236,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E8%A7%84%E5%88%99%E7%9A%84%E6%82%96%E8%AE%BA%20%E6%83%B3%E8%B1%A1%E8%83%8C%E5%90%8E%E7%9A%84%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E3%80%81%E6%84%9A%E7%AC%A8%E4%B8%8E%E6%9D%83%E5%8A%9B%E8%AF%B1%E6%83%91%20%3D%20The%20Utopia%20of%20Rules%20On%20Technology%2C%20Stupidity%2C%20and%20the%20Secret%20Joys%20of%20Bureaucracy","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e/search"},"page":{"printed_page":134,"pdf_page":133,"physical_index":133,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"71691aae474a63b2bdb6b96cc1ae04b34d4aa2b35408d0be6f21a5c66554a725"},"chapter":"第三章 规则的乌托邦，或为什么我们终究还是喜欢官僚制","content":"一、祛魅的魅力，或者邮局的魔力\n\n韦伯可以将官僚机构描述为理性效率的化身，一个原因是他那个时代的德国，官僚机构确实运转良好。其中的佼佼者、德国政务的荣耀，或许就是邮局。19世纪末德国的邮政服务被视作现代世界的一大奇迹。事实上，它传奇般的效率给整个20世纪投下了某种可怕的阴影。我们现在说的“极端现代主义”（highmodernism）的许多伟大成就都受到了德国邮局的启发，或者很多情况下直接模仿了它。而我们有充分的理由说，许多20世纪最可怕的灾祸也可以算到它头上。\n\n要想理解个中原委，我们有必要对现代社会福利国家的真正起源稍做了解。如果今天还有人思考现代社会福利国家的话，那么基本观点都是它们由乐善好施的民主精英创立。这再离谱不过了。在欧洲，后来成为福利国家的大多数核心制度，从社会保险和养老金到公共图书馆和公共卫生所，它们最初的创建者根本不是政府，而是工会、社区联盟、合作社，以及这样那样的工人阶级政党和组织。许多这样的组织都参与了一项自觉的革命计划，“在旧社会的外壳下建设一个新社会”，从底层开始逐步建立社会主义制度。对一些组织来说，这项计划要与另一个目标相结合，即最终通过议会手段夺取政府控制权，而对其他组织来说，计划自成一体。须记住，在19世纪后期，即使是正统的信仰马克思主义的共产党，基本上也放弃了武力夺取政府控制权的念头，因为好像不再有这个必要了。身在和平的欧洲，见证了技术的飞速进步后，它们认为应当有可能通过和平的选举手段来造就一场社会革命。\n\n134","previous_page":133,"next_page":135}