{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","title":"规则的悖论 想象背后的技术、愚笨与权力诱惑 = The Utopia of Rules On Technology, Stupidity, and the Secret Joys of Bureaucracy","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","id":"7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","uuid":"7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","title":"规则的悖论 想象背后的技术、愚笨与权力诱惑 = The Utopia of Rules On Technology, Stupidity, and the Secret Joys of Bureaucracy","normalized_title":"规则的悖论想象背后的技术愚笨与权力诱惑theutopiaofrulesontechnologystupidityandthesecretjoysofbureaucracy","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"isbns":[],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":236,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E8%A7%84%E5%88%99%E7%9A%84%E6%82%96%E8%AE%BA%20%E6%83%B3%E8%B1%A1%E8%83%8C%E5%90%8E%E7%9A%84%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E3%80%81%E6%84%9A%E7%AC%A8%E4%B8%8E%E6%9D%83%E5%8A%9B%E8%AF%B1%E6%83%91%20%3D%20The%20Utopia%20of%20Rules%20On%20Technology%2C%20Stupidity%2C%20and%20the%20Secret%20Joys%20of%20Bureaucracy","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e/search"},"page":{"printed_page":146,"pdf_page":145,"physical_index":145,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"10be7ccf0ca08600d033074512b11142a75f11544a4ff5250fd346dbe3fc1e71"},"chapter":"第三章 规则的乌托邦，或为什么我们终究还是喜欢官僚制","content":"而现代社会中遗存的早前观念与此截然对立，它将理性视作道德秩序，因而就是目的本身。几乎任何持乌托邦愿景的人，无论是社会主义者还是自由市场论者，就这点而言也可以算作宗教基要主义者，都梦想建立一种不同于当前安排、具有某种自洽意义的社会秩序，而那将代表理性战胜了混乱。<sup>17</sup>无须多言，事实一再证明，任何这类项目的奠基石都是建立一套有效的官僚制。\n\n围绕“理性”在政治中扮演何种角色的争论，几乎总是伴随着这两种矛盾思想的拉锯和反复。\n\n\\*\\*\\*\n\n如果尝试追溯基本的定义，情况非但不会好转，还会在许多方面恶化。哲学家们甚至在“理性”一词的含义上都没能达成共识。例如，根据一种传统，理性就是运用逻辑，运用纯粹的、不受情绪影响的思想；这种纯粹客观的思想后来被视作科学探究的基础。这种定义被广为接纳，但存在一个根本的问题：科学探究本身已经证明它不太可能成立。认知心理学家一再证实，不存在脱离情感的纯粹思想；没有情感的人根本无法思考。<sup>18</sup>\n\n其他人偏好一种更实用主义的方法，只是声称可以将理性论证定义为既基于经验现实，又在形式上逻辑自洽的论证。这里的问题是，两项标准之间并无太大关联。一个关乎观察，另一个关乎推理。<sup>19</sup>它们能有什么共同点？主要的共同点大概就是，当有人给出妄想的或不自洽的论证时，我们都可能会认为那人脑子不太好。某种程度上，这不无道理：我们确实会形容疯子是“非理性的”。但如果照这样看，那么形容某人或某个论证是“理性的”，几乎等于什么也没说。这种表述相当无力。你只是在说他们没有表现出明显的精神错乱而已。\n\n146","previous_page":145,"next_page":147}