{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","title":"规则的悖论 想象背后的技术、愚笨与权力诱惑 = The Utopia of Rules On Technology, Stupidity, and the Secret Joys of Bureaucracy","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","id":"7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","uuid":"7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","title":"规则的悖论 想象背后的技术、愚笨与权力诱惑 = The Utopia of Rules On Technology, Stupidity, and the Secret Joys of Bureaucracy","normalized_title":"规则的悖论想象背后的技术愚笨与权力诱惑theutopiaofrulesontechnologystupidityandthesecretjoysofbureaucracy","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"isbns":[],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":236,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E8%A7%84%E5%88%99%E7%9A%84%E6%82%96%E8%AE%BA%20%E6%83%B3%E8%B1%A1%E8%83%8C%E5%90%8E%E7%9A%84%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E3%80%81%E6%84%9A%E7%AC%A8%E4%B8%8E%E6%9D%83%E5%8A%9B%E8%AF%B1%E6%83%91%20%3D%20The%20Utopia%20of%20Rules%20On%20Technology%2C%20Stupidity%2C%20and%20the%20Secret%20Joys%20of%20Bureaucracy","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e/search"},"page":{"printed_page":149,"pdf_page":148,"physical_index":148,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"42879fc00ccfefe49d5b0b5d28e298e14d854bebcdcb38fc6d7206d586a7123b"},"chapter":"第三章 规则的乌托邦，或为什么我们终究还是喜欢官僚制","content":"这套关于理性本质的假说经由圣奥古斯丁被吸收进了基督教，也影响了几乎所有的中世纪哲学，尽管它很难与一个超验的随心所欲的造物主的概念相调和（而事实上，许多中世纪哲学的关切正是探讨调和两者的不同方式）。\n\n在很多方面，所有这些假设仍存在于我们中间。就说我们小时候都学过的这个概念，大多数人都当它是不言而喻的真理：人类与其他动物的区别在于理性（作为一个物种，我们“具备推理的机能”）。这是非常具有中世纪色彩的概念。<sup>23</sup>仔细想想，它好像也没多少道理。如果“理性”只是有能力差不多准确地评估现实并得出合乎逻辑的结论，那么大多数动物都极为理性。它们随时都在解决问题。大多数动物在这方面或许不如人类那么擅长，但这够不上物种间的根本区别。在其他机能中，还有很多更合适的备选项，它们似乎的确为人类所独有。一个明摆着的选择是想象力。动物始终在以看上去是理性的、计算的、以目标导向的方式行事，但很难证明它们中的大多数参与创造了有自我意识的幻想世界。<sup>24</sup>因此，人类学家埃德蒙·利奇（EdmundLeach）曾说，人类不同于动物的地方不在于拥有不朽的灵魂，而在于能够想象自己拥有不朽的灵魂。<sup>25</sup>当然了，如果灵魂是理性之所在，是人身上的神性元素，那么说人类拥有不朽的灵魂和说他们是理性的生物，实际上表达的意思完全相同。<sup>26</sup>\n\n149","previous_page":148,"next_page":150}