{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","title":"规则的悖论 想象背后的技术、愚笨与权力诱惑 = The Utopia of Rules On Technology, Stupidity, and the Secret Joys of Bureaucracy","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","id":"7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","uuid":"7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","title":"规则的悖论 想象背后的技术、愚笨与权力诱惑 = The Utopia of Rules On Technology, Stupidity, and the Secret Joys of Bureaucracy","normalized_title":"规则的悖论想象背后的技术愚笨与权力诱惑theutopiaofrulesontechnologystupidityandthesecretjoysofbureaucracy","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"isbns":[],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":236,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E8%A7%84%E5%88%99%E7%9A%84%E6%82%96%E8%AE%BA%20%E6%83%B3%E8%B1%A1%E8%83%8C%E5%90%8E%E7%9A%84%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E3%80%81%E6%84%9A%E7%AC%A8%E4%B8%8E%E6%9D%83%E5%8A%9B%E8%AF%B1%E6%83%91%20%3D%20The%20Utopia%20of%20Rules%20On%20Technology%2C%20Stupidity%2C%20and%20the%20Secret%20Joys%20of%20Bureaucracy","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e/search"},"page":{"printed_page":175,"pdf_page":174,"physical_index":174,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"10d30f5144f26cb9eab88512d586fe7dca6a1663a3b26c40fc689a1b233644ed"},"chapter":"第三章 规则的乌托邦，或为什么我们终究还是喜欢官僚制","content":"续不断地变化，包括其语法在内。\n\n我们很少自问为什么会这样。为什么语言总在变化？我们需要语法和词汇上的共识才能彼此交谈，这点不难理解。但如果我们对语言的需求仅限于此，那么一旦既定的一组会话者找到了与其目的适配的语法和词汇，他们原封不动地沿用下去就好了；若是有什么新事物要谈论，或许可以调整一下词汇，比如出现了一种新趋势或新发明，抑或是一种进口蔬菜，但除此之外，没必要画蛇添足。事实上，情况从来不是这样。从记载来看，我们没见过哪种语言在历经一个世纪后不出现发音和结构上的改变。<sup>54</sup>这点适用于哪怕最“传统”社会中的语言，哪怕那里已经创建了像文法学校或法兰西学院（AcadémieFrançaise）这样复杂的制度化结构来确保不会出现此类改变。毫无疑问，其中一些改变纯粹出于叛逆（例如年轻人试图与年长者划清界限），但我们很难规避这样一个结论：归根结底，在这里我们真正面对的是最纯粹形态的玩的原则。无论说的是阿拉佩什语、霍皮语还是挪威语，一直按同样的方式说话就是会让人类厌倦。他们总要找机会随便玩玩。而这种随意玩耍总是会产生累积效应。\n\n这表明，无论哪里人都容易有两种完全矛盾的倾向：一方面，倾向于为了好玩而发挥创造力；另一方面，倾向于听从任何告诉他们其实不该那样做的人。正是后者使制度化生活有了被游戏化的可能。因为顺着后一种趋势的逻辑会得出这样的结论：所有自由都成了任意性，而所有任意性都是某种危险的颠覆性力量。再进一步就可以论证，真正的自由是生活在一个完全可预测的世界里，摒除这种等同于任意性的自由。\n\n让我再以自己政治经验中的一个例子做结。\n\n175","previous_page":174,"next_page":176}