{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","title":"规则的悖论 想象背后的技术、愚笨与权力诱惑 = The Utopia of Rules On Technology, Stupidity, and the Secret Joys of Bureaucracy","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","id":"7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","uuid":"7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","title":"规则的悖论 想象背后的技术、愚笨与权力诱惑 = The Utopia of Rules On Technology, Stupidity, and the Secret Joys of Bureaucracy","normalized_title":"规则的悖论想象背后的技术愚笨与权力诱惑theutopiaofrulesontechnologystupidityandthesecretjoysofbureaucracy","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"isbns":[],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":236,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E8%A7%84%E5%88%99%E7%9A%84%E6%82%96%E8%AE%BA%20%E6%83%B3%E8%B1%A1%E8%83%8C%E5%90%8E%E7%9A%84%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E3%80%81%E6%84%9A%E7%AC%A8%E4%B8%8E%E6%9D%83%E5%8A%9B%E8%AF%B1%E6%83%91%20%3D%20The%20Utopia%20of%20Rules%20On%20Technology%2C%20Stupidity%2C%20and%20the%20Secret%20Joys%20of%20Bureaucracy","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/7849bdaa-511d-4943-bbd6-e5f93c32627e/search"},"page":{"printed_page":5,"pdf_page":4,"physical_index":4,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"335330d0f02e291915389753206eb13684f597cdfb6592c479614885c78486c0"},"chapter":"规则的悖论","content":"序 官僚制的愚蠢、快乐与权力\n\n在经典著作《权力：一种激进的观点》中，社会学家史蒂文·卢克斯区分了权力的三重维度。其中，第一维权力就是做出决策的权力，也就是马克斯·韦伯所说的将自己的意愿强加于别人之上的能力，我们可以从决策制定过程中找到真正的大权在握者；第二维权力是设定议程的权力，这种权力让掌权者有能力使某些选项根本不被提上议程；第三维权力则是最隐秘、最“高级”的权力，因为它是塑造他人意愿和想法的权力，是让他人接受甚至喜好有损其自身利益之物的权力，也就是意识形态权力。在《规则的悖论》中，左翼无政府主义者大卫·格雷伯为我们揭示的就是后两个维度的权力，也就是官僚制如何在我们每个人的生活中无孔不入，不仅令我们无处遁形，无法想象其他可能，甚至还让我们发自内心地赞美它。\n\n我们当然不是没有怨言。所有人，大到买房子，小到给电动车上牌照，都希望少往政府机构跑几趟，都希望流程能更简单一些。作为大学老师，我最烦心甚至恐惧的不是科研，更不是教学，而是报销流程。事实上，对官僚制的反思是社会学这门学科自成形之日起就不可或缺的重要关怀。且不说奥古斯特·孔德和赫伯特·斯宾塞的零星观察，也不说埃米尔·涂尔干有关“契约中的非契约元素”的洞见，仅仅是马克思和韦伯对官僚制的分析，就足以跻身人类思想史上最耀眼的星光。到20世纪中叶，对官僚制的系统思考进一步影响到经济学、政治学和公共管理等学科，催生了公共选择、街头官僚等一大批影响深远的理论。但从70年代开始，社会科学和人文领域的学者忽然对官僚制失去了兴趣。它似乎成为学术研究的给定前提，而不再是催生灵感的矿藏。\n\n5","previous_page":4,"next_page":6}