{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"7b1ebe25-51ed-420e-89b8-2a8b9a1ca346","title":"数字劳动： 理论前沿与在地经验","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214266118","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"7b1ebe25-51ed-420e-89b8-2a8b9a1ca346","id":"7b1ebe25-51ed-420e-89b8-2a8b9a1ca346","uuid":"7b1ebe25-51ed-420e-89b8-2a8b9a1ca346","title":"数字劳动： 理论前沿与在地经验","normalized_title":"数字劳动理论前沿与在地经验","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787214266118","isbns":["9787214266118"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":229,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/7b1ebe25-51ed-420e-89b8-2a8b9a1ca346","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E5%8A%B3%E5%8A%A8%EF%BC%9A%20%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA%E5%89%8D%E6%B2%BF%E4%B8%8E%E5%9C%A8%E5%9C%B0%E7%BB%8F%E9%AA%8C","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/7b1ebe25-51ed-420e-89b8-2a8b9a1ca346/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/7b1ebe25-51ed-420e-89b8-2a8b9a1ca346/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/7b1ebe25-51ed-420e-89b8-2a8b9a1ca346","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/7b1ebe25-51ed-420e-89b8-2a8b9a1ca346/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/7b1ebe25-51ed-420e-89b8-2a8b9a1ca346/search"},"page":{"printed_page":117,"pdf_page":133,"physical_index":133,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"d6cca0fbeb8309759100fb286e1a4387a0283432b9aa8a958c8259e158c28eb1"},"chapter":"第五章 全球外包、数字劳动与劳动控制","content":"另一方面，平台对托客的控制。其一，从理论上来说，只要托客能够掌握简单的互联网和英语技能就可以在世界的任何地方接受MTurk的众包任务，但在实践中，截至2015年，75%的托客来自美国。③这主要是因为从2011年开始，MTurk采取了“仅限邀请”的注册机制，也就是说，平台在邀请个人加人之前会对其注册信息进行详细的审查。④其二，MTurk引进了质量控制系统，将托客分为“普通托客”和“托客大师”，后者是托客中的“精英”(2012年数量约为2万名)，他们在亚马逊的统计监控下的表现远远优于其设定的标准，具有较高的历史任务合格率(通常在90%以上)。⑤任务一般会被优先分配给“托客大师”而非“普通托客”。即使在“普通托客”群体内部，他们也会因为不同的历史任务合格率而得到不同的任务列表，这些列表是经过MTurk自动过滤和筛选的，这无疑加剧了托客内部的竞争关系。其三，一旦发现有托客违反了“参与协议”，平台有权在任何时候强制注销他们的账号，并没收其账号中尚未提取的收入。安东尼奥·阿洛伊西(Antonio Aloisi)将这种行为的实质界定为平台在行使雇主的解雇权。①\n\n第五章全球外包、教字劳动与劳动控制\n\n①托客不享有对任务报酬的议价权，因此如果对任务报酬不满意，他们只能退出MTurk，或投入更多成本寻找其他报酬相对较高的工作。\n\n②姚建华、徐偲啸：《全球数字劳工研究与中国语境：批判性的述评》，《湖南师范大学社会科学学报》2019年第5期。\n\n③ Ipeirotis, Panos. Demographics of Mechanical Turk: Now Live! Computer Scientist in a Business School, April 6, 2015. http://www. behind-the-enemy-lines. com/2015/04 demographics-of-mechanical-turk. html.\n\n④与此形成对比的是，2010年，高度活跃的托客来自60多个国家或地区。参见Ipeirotis，Panos. Analyzing the Mechanical Turk Marketplace. XRDS, 2010(2): 16 - 21 中的相关内容。\n\n⑤Ipeirotis, Panos. Mechanical Turk Changing the Defaults: The Game Has Changed Computer Scientist in a Business School, December5, 2012. https;//www. behind-theenemy-lines. com/2012/12/mechanical-turk-changing-defaults-game, html.\n\n117","previous_page":116,"next_page":118}