{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"7f418071-0fdc-4a5a-a4c5-82dd1979d9c2","title":"人工智能哲学","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7532740544","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"7f418071-0fdc-4a5a-a4c5-82dd1979d9c2","id":"7f418071-0fdc-4a5a-a4c5-82dd1979d9c2","uuid":"7f418071-0fdc-4a5a-a4c5-82dd1979d9c2","title":"人工智能哲学","normalized_title":"人工智能哲学","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7532740544","isbns":["7532740544"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":501,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/7f418071-0fdc-4a5a-a4c5-82dd1979d9c2","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/7f418071-0fdc-4a5a-a4c5-82dd1979d9c2/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/7f418071-0fdc-4a5a-a4c5-82dd1979d9c2/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/7f418071-0fdc-4a5a-a4c5-82dd1979d9c2","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/7f418071-0fdc-4a5a-a4c5-82dd1979d9c2/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/7f418071-0fdc-4a5a-a4c5-82dd1979d9c2/search"},"page":{"printed_page":193,"pdf_page":201,"physical_index":201,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"213d4e5634d27f86c845365925e7bdfb3b6c8a59c930163d2996250b48adba60"},"chapter":"人工智能哲学","content":"这个通往意义的还原论语义原素法，本质上必然是低精确性、低稠密性的表述。这种表述方式也有其用途，例如，它们可能适合于信息恢复或机器翻译这些应用，而且在它们确实行之有效时，具有某些非常有用的计算特性。但是有些时候，我们不得不面对表述世界的详尽知识的问题，这就要求放弃对于标志意义的“定义”观点。正如威尔克斯所说，“根本不能指望一个建立在原素上的表述方式能通过其结构来区别榔头、槌和斧……的意义”。情况也许并非如此，朴素物理学应该能做到这一点。\n\n6. 意义、模型理论和精确性\n\n有人或许会问：如果标志的意义不是由定义说明的，那么它们是如何被说明的呢？从一定意义上说，这个问题是没有答案的。我们无法指着一个特定结构说，这就是某个标志的意义。我们只能说，标志在如下程度上意指一个概念：作为整体的形式化能够使充分多的、在其结论中包含该标志的推理，亦即言及此概念的推理得以完成。如果形式化有一个恰当的模型理论，意义的操作性定义就能用外延法重新规定：在作为整体的形式化的每一可能的模型中，如果该标志代表一个实体，而该实体在模型所示出的可能的事物状态中，被人们认为对概念作出了令人满意的例示，那么，这个标志就意指这一概念。\n\n8 朴素物理学宣言\n\n193","previous_page":192,"next_page":194}