{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"7f418071-0fdc-4a5a-a4c5-82dd1979d9c2","title":"人工智能哲学","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7532740544","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"7f418071-0fdc-4a5a-a4c5-82dd1979d9c2","id":"7f418071-0fdc-4a5a-a4c5-82dd1979d9c2","uuid":"7f418071-0fdc-4a5a-a4c5-82dd1979d9c2","title":"人工智能哲学","normalized_title":"人工智能哲学","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7532740544","isbns":["7532740544"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":501,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/7f418071-0fdc-4a5a-a4c5-82dd1979d9c2","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/7f418071-0fdc-4a5a-a4c5-82dd1979d9c2/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/7f418071-0fdc-4a5a-a4c5-82dd1979d9c2/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/7f418071-0fdc-4a5a-a4c5-82dd1979d9c2","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/7f418071-0fdc-4a5a-a4c5-82dd1979d9c2/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/7f418071-0fdc-4a5a-a4c5-82dd1979d9c2/search"},"page":{"printed_page":242,"pdf_page":250,"physical_index":250,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"1b0e62d0ebd72b43bd89ffabc4cbb9d4a29757d84bfc9a41b882818292b3144c"},"chapter":"人工智能哲学","content":"当然，这一令人不无遗憾的实际标准本身，还不足以阻碍我们寻找同时含有指称语义学和过程语义学的标记法。问题是，从目前来看，这一追求没有任何理论基础。有些人坚持认为他们的标记法含有指称语义学；另一些人(人数甚至更多)不愿接受这一限制。不管我这里的论点是什么，我认为自己在性格上仍属于前一组。如果一个学生带着无指称的表述来见我，真让我伤脑筋。以前我认为有理由说服他重作思考，但现在我只能处于理解不良的位置。学生总是能指着他的程序说，这程序并没有从荒谬的标记法中得出荒谬的结论。我要是得出荒谬结论的话，问题出在我身上。\n\n举一个我爱用的例子。我们来看这样一个简单的事实：“俄国人已经把战舰部署在靠近美国海岸的地方”。除非我愿意采纳如“当前一部署一靠近—美国一海岸”这样一些“德国计算机”式的谓词，否则要对这类内容作出恰当表述，就必须明确地表示出什么是美国海岸，那里大约有多少船只，已发现它们分布如何，意指多长时间，等等。然而，谁来确定这是“恰当的”？用德国计算机，任何特定的应用程序大概都能过得去。许多雄心勃勃的标记设计者会借助于“英国计算机”，如\n\n人工智能哲学\n\n242","previous_page":241,"next_page":243}