{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"7f418071-0fdc-4a5a-a4c5-82dd1979d9c2","title":"人工智能哲学","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7532740544","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"7f418071-0fdc-4a5a-a4c5-82dd1979d9c2","id":"7f418071-0fdc-4a5a-a4c5-82dd1979d9c2","uuid":"7f418071-0fdc-4a5a-a4c5-82dd1979d9c2","title":"人工智能哲学","normalized_title":"人工智能哲学","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7532740544","isbns":["7532740544"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":501,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/7f418071-0fdc-4a5a-a4c5-82dd1979d9c2","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/7f418071-0fdc-4a5a-a4c5-82dd1979d9c2/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/7f418071-0fdc-4a5a-a4c5-82dd1979d9c2/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/7f418071-0fdc-4a5a-a4c5-82dd1979d9c2","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/7f418071-0fdc-4a5a-a4c5-82dd1979d9c2/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/7f418071-0fdc-4a5a-a4c5-82dd1979d9c2/search"},"page":{"printed_page":248,"pdf_page":256,"physical_index":256,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"f6fa9299d5835daa3ad460280102d117114e1e059120172f4255f2934a7e1c4f"},"chapter":"人工智能哲学","content":"10 动机、机制和情感\n\nA·斯洛曼\\*\n\n1. 引言\n\n日常语言在不同种类的心理状态和心理过程，例如情绪、情感、态度、动机、性格、个性等等之间造成了丰富而微妙的差别。在实际需要的驱动下，我们的词汇和概念经过数世纪错综复杂的实际生活的磨砺，从而深刻地映射出人类的心灵。\n\n然而实际使用起来却有不一致之处，对于那些我们所掌握的、并能在直觉上运用的差别，我们能清晰地加以描述的能力是很有限的，就和我们背诵英语句法规则的能力一样。像“动机”和“情感”这些词，在使用中存在着许多含混不清和不一致的地方。同一个人会对你说，爱是一种情感，她深深地爱着她的孩子们，同时她又不处在情感状态之中。如果我们用审慎定义的术语重新陈述这些说法，就能够对许多不一致性作出解释。作为科学家，我们需要用具有理论基础的术语来补充口头语言，这些术语可用来指明差别和描述那些一般人通常难以觉察的种种可能的情况。例如，根据这种看法，爱是一种态度，而不是一种情感，尽管挚爱很容易引发情感状态。用哲学家的行话来说(Ryle1949)，态度是倾向，情感虽然带有倾向的成份，却是偶发的情节。\n\n248","previous_page":247,"next_page":249}