{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"814ecd11-5d1c-4f8a-b6d4-83f989e06c58","title":"贺麟全集 小逻辑","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787208077065","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"814ecd11-5d1c-4f8a-b6d4-83f989e06c58","id":"814ecd11-5d1c-4f8a-b6d4-83f989e06c58","uuid":"814ecd11-5d1c-4f8a-b6d4-83f989e06c58","title":"贺麟全集 小逻辑","normalized_title":"贺麟全集小逻辑","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787208077065","isbns":["9787208077065"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":409,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/814ecd11-5d1c-4f8a-b6d4-83f989e06c58","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E8%B4%BA%E9%BA%9F%E5%85%A8%E9%9B%86%20%E5%B0%8F%E9%80%BB%E8%BE%91","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/814ecd11-5d1c-4f8a-b6d4-83f989e06c58/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/814ecd11-5d1c-4f8a-b6d4-83f989e06c58/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/814ecd11-5d1c-4f8a-b6d4-83f989e06c58","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/814ecd11-5d1c-4f8a-b6d4-83f989e06c58/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/814ecd11-5d1c-4f8a-b6d4-83f989e06c58/search"},"page":{"printed_page":291,"pdf_page":300,"physical_index":300,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"e86308c8933503de2e8c14bca1b7eb00c4cefb24a7aeb1adf0e5961d0b1ce6aa"},"chapter":"小逻辑","content":"从这里出发我们再回头来看那认斯宾诺莎哲学为无神论的批评，便可明白看出这种指斥是没有根据的。因为他的哲学不但不否认上帝，并且承认上帝为唯一的真实存在。我们也不能说，斯宾诺莎虽认上帝为唯一的真实存在，但他的上帝却非真正的上帝，因此有了这样一个上帝，也和没有上帝差不多。如果这种批评正确的话，则一切别的哲学家，在他们的哲学理论里把上帝降到低于理念的地位，不仅那些只知道将上帝认作“主”的犹太教徒和回教徒，甚至连那些将上帝仅认作至高无上的，彼岸的、不可知的存在的许多基督教徒，都可和斯宾诺莎一样被指责为无神论者了。细察一下，攻击斯宾诺莎哲学为无神论，归结起来，实系指斥他未能将差别或有限性的原则给予正当的地位。按照斯宾诺莎的学说，真正讲来，既然没有世界，—意思是说没有积极的存在着的事物，那末，他的体系就不应称为无神论，而毋宁应反过来称为无世界论(Akosmismus)。由此又可得到对于他的泛神论的攻击应持的态度。如果照通常的看法，泛神论是认有限事物的本身或有限事物的复合为上帝的学说，那么我们也不能不说斯宾诺莎的哲学逃脱了泛神论的攻击。因为照斯宾诺莎看来，有限的事物或世界一般是完全没有真理的。反之，正因为他持无世界论，所以他的哲学才确实是泛神论。\n\n第二篇 本 质 论\n\n[1]《列宁全集》第38卷，第167页引证了这一句话，并作了辩证唯物论的改造。\n\n291","previous_page":290,"next_page":292}