{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"814ecd11-5d1c-4f8a-b6d4-83f989e06c58","title":"贺麟全集 小逻辑","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787208077065","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"814ecd11-5d1c-4f8a-b6d4-83f989e06c58","id":"814ecd11-5d1c-4f8a-b6d4-83f989e06c58","uuid":"814ecd11-5d1c-4f8a-b6d4-83f989e06c58","title":"贺麟全集 小逻辑","normalized_title":"贺麟全集小逻辑","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787208077065","isbns":["9787208077065"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":409,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/814ecd11-5d1c-4f8a-b6d4-83f989e06c58","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E8%B4%BA%E9%BA%9F%E5%85%A8%E9%9B%86%20%E5%B0%8F%E9%80%BB%E8%BE%91","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/814ecd11-5d1c-4f8a-b6d4-83f989e06c58/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/814ecd11-5d1c-4f8a-b6d4-83f989e06c58/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/814ecd11-5d1c-4f8a-b6d4-83f989e06c58","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/814ecd11-5d1c-4f8a-b6d4-83f989e06c58/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/814ecd11-5d1c-4f8a-b6d4-83f989e06c58/search"},"page":{"printed_page":36,"pdf_page":45,"physical_index":45,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"01965136b3424769bcd335bf02c1fe7f301c1ceff223b051d5530f94b38b7183"},"chapter":"小逻辑","content":"再则，斯宾诺莎主义还作出一种区别，即人区别于神。他的体系从这方面看来，理论上也是不令人满足的。因为人及一般的有限事物尽管后来被降低为一个样式，在他的学说里仍然处于与实体接近的地位。在这里，人与神的区别存在的时候，本质上亦即是善与恶的区别存在的时候。因为人本来就是这样，有善恶的区别，就是人所特有的命运。假如我们仅着眼于斯宾诺莎主义里的实体，我们在里面就找不出善与恶的区别。因为恶也如同有限事物和一般的世界那样(参看§50的说明)，从他的观点看来简直是空无。但假如我们更注意他的体系中论及人、和人与实体的关系，即论到恶及恶与善的区别的地方，我们还须细心研读他的《伦理学》中讨论到善恶、情感、人的奴役和人的自由各部分，才能够说出他的体系的道德后果。无疑地，我们会钦敬他的以纯粹对神的爱为原则的高尚纯洁的道德观，而且会深信高尚纯洁的道德就是他的体系的后果。莱辛当时曾说过：“人们对待斯宾诺莎好象对待一条死狗”，[1]即在现代我们也很难说，人们对于斯宾诺莎主义及一般的思辨哲学有了较好的待遇，当我们看见一些人提到或批评到它们时，并不想多费点力气去正确地认识事实，并予以正确的阐述。可以说，对得起斯宾诺莎哲学和思辨哲学，这是我们所能要求的最低限度的“公正”。\n\n小逻辑\n\n[1] 这句话是莱辛1780年6月7日对耶柯比说的，经耶柯比与门德尔生通信反复讨论宣扬出来后，德国人才开始研究斯宾诺莎的学说。莱辛这话见《耶柯比全集》第4卷，第63页。马克思在《资本论》第二版跋、恩格斯在《自然辩证法》中都曾提到这句名言。\n\n36","previous_page":35,"next_page":37}