{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"8211d12f-42ae-4ed6-80ed-8c228ba7681b","title":"生产力 工业自动化的社会史","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300172651","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"8211d12f-42ae-4ed6-80ed-8c228ba7681b","id":"8211d12f-42ae-4ed6-80ed-8c228ba7681b","uuid":"8211d12f-42ae-4ed6-80ed-8c228ba7681b","title":"生产力 工业自动化的社会史","normalized_title":"生产力工业自动化的社会史","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300172651","isbns":["9787300172651","0394512626"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":459,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/8211d12f-42ae-4ed6-80ed-8c228ba7681b","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E5%8A%9B%20%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A%E8%87%AA%E5%8A%A8%E5%8C%96%E7%9A%84%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%8F%B2","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/8211d12f-42ae-4ed6-80ed-8c228ba7681b/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/8211d12f-42ae-4ed6-80ed-8c228ba7681b/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/8211d12f-42ae-4ed6-80ed-8c228ba7681b","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/8211d12f-42ae-4ed6-80ed-8c228ba7681b/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/8211d12f-42ae-4ed6-80ed-8c228ba7681b/search"},"page":{"printed_page":147,"pdf_page":61,"physical_index":61,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"04e7ab512210b7320f9bd1ac85aa7fbce0c075f5066cc6f504b8d32ebb4053c0"},"chapter":"第2章 背景：国内战争","content":"工资更有竞争力。”[78]\n\n机床制造业对熟练工人的需求无法被满足，以及它们愿意采用自动化生产方法从而加剧这一短缺说明了这样一个事实，即在各行各业，管理层的需求总是多方面的，而且往往相互冲突。追求自动化的动机有：时尚的制造哲学，这种哲学更青睐机器而不是人；试图满足军方对性能的要求以获得津贴；自动化鼓吹者和实施者对技术的迷恋；管理层试图获得对生产更多控制并削弱工会的持久斗争；试图使桀骜不驯的工人接受更低工资、更严格的纪律以及经常失业的现实。但这些动机也许与该行业被视为压倒一切的目的与原则相冲突。由于掏空了熟练工人的资源，它们往往无法做到用最少的成本生产优质产品并获得最大的利润。\n\n但从一种狭隘的观点来看，短期中所有的一切都非常完美。经理们执著于谁统治工厂的问题，继续抱怨熟练工人的短缺，但他们仍然继续推进自动化。在他们看来，完全可以通过一种让自己心安理得的逻辑来解决这一矛盾。既然缺乏足够的熟练工人来做事，那么就必须推行自动化。这确实是一种社会的必然。这样，熟练工人的短缺本来部分是自动化的产物，现在却成为更多自动化的最高理由。没过多久，这种颠倒的逻辑就成为整个行业中管理层的福音。它也在科学家和工程师那里站住脚跟，使他们按照管理层的要求，忙于研制各种自动化技术。他们也因此坚信，自己是整个社会的恩人，而不仅仅是美国社会中一部分人反对另一部分人时其中一方的代理人。\n\n【注释】\n\n第2章 背景：国内战争\n\n147","previous_page":null,"next_page":null}