{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"8770e87a-1162-4f3c-b374-e88b5e736a68","title":"我们何以成为后人类 文学、信息科学和控制论中的虚拟身体","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787301280768","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"8770e87a-1162-4f3c-b374-e88b5e736a68","id":"8770e87a-1162-4f3c-b374-e88b5e736a68","uuid":"8770e87a-1162-4f3c-b374-e88b5e736a68","title":"我们何以成为后人类 文学、信息科学和控制论中的虚拟身体","normalized_title":"我们何以成为后人类文学信息科学和控制论中的虚拟身体","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787301280768","isbns":["9787301280768"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":474,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/8770e87a-1162-4f3c-b374-e88b5e736a68","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%88%91%E4%BB%AC%E4%BD%95%E4%BB%A5%E6%88%90%E4%B8%BA%E5%90%8E%E4%BA%BA%E7%B1%BB%20%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E3%80%81%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E5%92%8C%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E8%AE%BA%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E8%99%9A%E6%8B%9F%E8%BA%AB%E4%BD%93","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/8770e87a-1162-4f3c-b374-e88b5e736a68/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/8770e87a-1162-4f3c-b374-e88b5e736a68/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/8770e87a-1162-4f3c-b374-e88b5e736a68","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/8770e87a-1162-4f3c-b374-e88b5e736a68/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/8770e87a-1162-4f3c-b374-e88b5e736a68/search"},"page":{"printed_page":139,"pdf_page":152,"physical_index":152,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"73a539b2a21b07c9d2eecc25f0aeda08ef43fe7d3de3d43bab8de625521f52e4"},"chapter":"第三章","content":"在维纳对奥古斯丁主义的(Augustinian）对手与摩尼主义的(Manichean）对手之间做出的区分中，连接控制论机器和人类的界线的工作，也许进入了它最复杂的关节。这种区分中，仍然存在争议的是两个对手之间的差别。其中一个对手扮演“值得尊敬的”角色，换句话说，信守不变的规则；而另一个对手则试图通过操纵规则来取胜。对于维纳而言，奥古斯丁主义对手的典型就是自然。自然—包括噪音在内—有时候可能会挫败科学家们试图控制自然的努力，但是自然绝不会有意识地操控它的对手。摩尼主义的对手的典型是棋手，包括下棋的机器。与自然不同，棋手的行动（的意图）比较隐蔽，并且要尽可能地巧妙。将棋手和科学家进行对照时，棋手总是处于不利地位的。在指出自然界不会努力智胜科学家的时候，维纳观察到，拥有一个奥古斯丁主义的对手，意味着科学家有时间去反思和纠正他（她自己的应对策略，因为没有人会利用科学家的错误来做文章。因此科学家处于他们最好的状态，而下棋者却恰恰相反(HU，p.36)。\n\n第四章自由主体性的危机：诺伯特·维纳与控制论的焦虑\n\n139","previous_page":138,"next_page":140}