{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"8775e0ee-45b3-49e0-9051-2909d31de8ea","title":"数字工厂","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787523600474","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"8775e0ee-45b3-49e0-9051-2909d31de8ea","id":"8775e0ee-45b3-49e0-9051-2909d31de8ea","uuid":"8775e0ee-45b3-49e0-9051-2909d31de8ea","title":"数字工厂","normalized_title":"数字工厂","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787523600474","isbns":["9787523600474"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":281,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/8775e0ee-45b3-49e0-9051-2909d31de8ea","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E5%B7%A5%E5%8E%82","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/8775e0ee-45b3-49e0-9051-2909d31de8ea/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/8775e0ee-45b3-49e0-9051-2909d31de8ea/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/8775e0ee-45b3-49e0-9051-2909d31de8ea","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/8775e0ee-45b3-49e0-9051-2909d31de8ea/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/8775e0ee-45b3-49e0-9051-2909d31de8ea/search"},"page":{"printed_page":80,"pdf_page":84,"physical_index":84,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"332cfe13eaad069069d90384cba7ac1e89ae2d267ff94900aa7e08552631c5cc"},"chapter":"第1章","content":"在某种程度上。交付与物流的“优步化”具有误导性，因为它表明劳动关系似乎只能通过数字平台才可以存在。相反，我们有必要扭转这种说法，将物流行业也置于零工经济的谱系之中。在许多方面，物流行业一直是高度灵活用工形式的实验场，目的是寻找应对全球供应链突发事件的简单、廉价的处理方式。早在数字平台出现之前，物流行业就存在以零工经济为特征的劳动关系。美国港口的卡车运输业就是一个例子。20世纪70年代末，卡车运输行业放宽管制，促使“自雇经营者”或“独立承包人”进人——即自己拥有或租赁卡车、承包大型货运公司业务的个体驾驶员。①事实上，除了法律地位，这些司机从各个方面来看，几乎就是这些大公司的雇员。将工作承包给计件收费的自雇经营驾驶员，往往能让公司降低工资，把创业风险转嫁到驾驶员身上，且驾驶员不享有保险、福利或加班费等权利。2014年，在全美7.5万名港口卡车司机中，大约有4.9万人都是独立承包商。②从许多方面来看，港口卡车行业的这些雇用劳动正是我们今天所说的零工经济劳动关系的初级版本。为了更好地理解当前平台劳动兴起的持续性和变革性特征，认识如今的零工经济的前身似乎是至关重要的。\n\n1数字工厂1\n\n①Bonacich and Wilson, Getting the Goods, 113.\n\n②Smith, Marvy, and Zerolnick, The Big Rig Overhaul.\n\n080","previous_page":79,"next_page":81}