{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc","title":"形而上学","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7100011361","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc","id":"88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc","uuid":"88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc","title":"形而上学","normalized_title":"形而上学","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7100011361","isbns":["7100011361"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":383,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%BD%A2%E8%80%8C%E4%B8%8A%E5%AD%A6","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc/search"},"page":{"printed_page":126,"pdf_page":130,"physical_index":130,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"07fd2f1c7a3e7e59a327937f913f52978e74875ddf303e2a59fd82cf457dfd76"},"chapter":"形而上学","content":"于認識之序次为始，(三)于时間为始。-—本体于比三者皆为始。85 其它范疇均不能独立存在，則本体自必先于时間。每一事物之公式其中必有本本的公式在内；故本体亦先于定义。于認識而論，我們对每一事物之充分認識必自本体始，例如，人是“什么”？火是1028b“什么”？然后再进而及其質、量或处，我們必須先認識其怎是，而后可得認識質或量等每一云謂之所以为是。\n\n所以从古到今，大家所常質疑問难的主題，就在“何謂实是”亦即“何謂本本”。也就是这个問題，有些人主于本体只一，另有些5人謂这不止一，有些人②主張其为数有定限，另有些人③謂其数无定限，因此，我們必須基本地概括地探求义屬本体的实是之本性。\n\n章二\n\n最明显地，一般人輒以实物为本体；所以我們不但于动植物及  \n10其部分均称本体，于火、水、地一类自然实物以及所有由此粗成的实物(整体或其部分），例如，天宇与其各部分，星月与日也称本体。但，是否就只这些是本体，抑另有其它？或所有这些，只有其中一部分是本体抑另一部分也是；或这些全不是本体，别有其它事  \n15物才是本体？这些必須予以考虑。有些人④就認为实物之外限，卽面、綫、点、單位是本体，而且这些較之实物或立体更应是本体。\n\n又有些人認为除了可感覚事物以外别无可为本体，但另有些人則想到了永恆本体較之可感覚事物其数更多，而且也更为20实在;例如柏拉图闡明了兩类本体—通式与数理对象—与那第三类可威覚实物的本体拌存。而斯泮雪浦制作了更多种类的本体，以元一为始，为各类本体假定了許多原理，其一为数之原理，又\n\nZ1.2\n\n1028b\n\n①指米利都与埃利亞学派。\n\n②指毕达哥拉斯学派与恩培多克勒。\n\n指河那克薩哥拉与原子学派。\n\n④指毕达哥拉斯学派。\n\n126","previous_page":125,"next_page":127}