{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc","title":"形而上学","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7100011361","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc","id":"88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc","uuid":"88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc","title":"形而上学","normalized_title":"形而上学","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7100011361","isbns":["7100011361"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":383,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%BD%A2%E8%80%8C%E4%B8%8A%E5%AD%A6","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc/search"},"page":{"printed_page":181,"pdf_page":185,"physical_index":185,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"13d52717c5a677702ec5576eaae3a347a529052b5f4dfa887919d2fb31d01e29"},"chapter":"形而上学","content":"这里，我們已說明了一事物何时可称为潛在，又何时則不是潛在。\n\n章八\n\n照我們所述“先于”《先天>各义，①这是清楚的，实現“先于”潜  \n5能。我所指潛能不仅是对于某一事物或对自己(当作另一事物)的动变原理，而且也是一般的动变或静止原理。本性也是与潛能同科屬的；因为本性是动变原理一可是，本性不是使其它事物动变  \n10而是使自己动变。实現对于所有这类潛能，在公式和本体上均屬先于；在时間上，某一义可說“先于”，另一义則非“先于”；\n\n(一)清楚地，实現先于公式；事物之所以称为潛能，其本义就15为是它能实行；例如說具有“建筑技能”，我就指那建筑者，說“具有視能”就指那能視者，“可見”就指那能被視見者。它例亦然，所以在認識潛能之前必先已認識实現的公式。\n\n(二)在时間上，实現为先的命意是这样：实現与潛能相同于品  \n20种者（于数不必相同)，实現先于相应的潜在事物。我的意思是这实現地存在的某人先于种籽，②卽潛在的人，穀穗先于穀粒，已見者先于能視者；这些在时間上为“先于”，因为那些潛能均由这些已实現的事物产生。由已实現事物产生潛在事物，而这潛在事物又  \n25 成为实現的事物，例如由人得人，由文明人得文明人；世上常有一原动者，而这原动者先已实現地存在。我們在論及本体时，③會說过一切事物必由某些事物被某些品种相同的事物造成。\n\n所以，大家認为沒有建筑过的人不可能成为建筑师，从未彈琴\n\n1049b\n\n8\n\n①参看卷A，章十一。\n\n②σπqμa（种籽)，近代生物学及生物胚胎学用以称“精子”。此节推論精子(潜在之人)与成人(实現之人)孰为先后：而归結于必有一“原动者”，并肯定此第一原动者为实現。后世天主教所用“蛋生鷄，鷄生蛋”喻：其义与此相同。此类析辯只能当作信条，持非生物理論。\n\n③見于卷Z，章七、八。\n\n181","previous_page":180,"next_page":182}