{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc","title":"形而上学","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7100011361","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc","id":"88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc","uuid":"88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc","title":"形而上学","normalized_title":"形而上学","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7100011361","isbns":["7100011361"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":383,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%BD%A2%E8%80%8C%E4%B8%8A%E5%AD%A6","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc/search"},"page":{"printed_page":198,"pdf_page":202,"physical_index":202,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"37dc23a1fea3c5ea0a72f14f799b804ac6acd22ba43c3ef2a198848501dcd1b2"},"chapter":"形而上学","content":"基本对成由“持有”<正〉与其“闕失”〈負〉相配合—可是，闕35失有数項不同命意，幷非每一闕失均可与其正面狀态配为基本对成，只有完全闕失才可以。其它对成都得比照于这些基本对成，有055b些因获得这些，有些因产生或势必产生这些，另有些則因佔有或失去这些基本对成或其它对成而成为对成。現在，对反式若以“相反”〈矛盾〉、“闕失”、“相对”与“相关”四类論列，其中以相反为第一，相反不容許任何間体，而相对則容有間体，相反与相对显然不同。闕5失这种类近于相反；凡一般地，或在某些决定性方面遭受關失的事物就不能保有某些秉賦，或是它在本性上所原应有的秉賦今已不能保持。这里我們又說到闕失之数种不同命意，这會已在別处列举过了。①所以闕失是一个具有决定性的或是与那容受材料相应的矛盾或无能。相反不承認有間体而關失却有时容許間体；理由是10这样：每一事物可以是“相等”或“不是相等”，但每一事物并不必然是“等或不等”，若然如此，那就只有在容受相等性的范圍之内才可以这样說。于是，适在进行創变的物質若由諸相对开始，或由这形式的获得或由这形式的褫夺进行，一切对反显然必涵有闕失，而一\n\n15切闕失拜不必然为对反(因为遭受關失，可有几种不同方式);如变化由那兩极进行这才会发生諸对反。\n\n这也可由归納为之說明，每組对成包涵一个闕失为它兩項之一項，但各例拜不一律；不相等性为相等性之闕失，不相似性为相20似性之闕失，另一方面惡德是善德之闕失。闕失各例之如何相異曾已敍及；②關失之一例就是說它遭受一个褫夺，另一例則是說它在某时期，或某一部分(例如某年龄或某些主要部分)，或全时期或全部分遭受褫夺。所以，在有些例中可出現一个折中現象(有些人\n\nJ4\n\n1055b\n\n①見卷△，章二十二。\n\n②見 1055b4—6.\n\n198","previous_page":null,"next_page":null}