{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc","title":"形而上学","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7100011361","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc","id":"88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc","uuid":"88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc","title":"形而上学","normalized_title":"形而上学","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7100011361","isbns":["7100011361"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":383,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%BD%A2%E8%80%8C%E4%B8%8A%E5%AD%A6","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc/search"},"page":{"printed_page":206,"pdf_page":210,"physical_index":210,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"a6b314125b07b67384488c56a7f3122917ab6080d4956b64a653dfa400701efc"},"chapter":"形而上学","content":"章 九\n\n30 或問雌性与雄性相对，其間差異为一对成，何以女人与男人于品种无別;雌雄各有本性之異，頗不同于白黑之例，何以雌雄动物于品种无别；雌雄作为动物同屬一品种。这問題与下一問題略同，何以一类对反使品种有異，而另一类則不引起品种之異，如“有脚”\n\n35与“有翼”成为动物种别之征，而“白臉”与“黑臉”却不成种别之征。也許前一类变異，于科屬而論，頗为特殊，后一类則在科屬上未为\n\n1058b特殊。因为前一类的差别要素为定义之異而后一类只是物質之異，在定义上的对反才能造成品种之異，仅于物質上有所差殊不能造成異种。所以肌肤或白或黑不为种異，白人或黑人虽各系以異称，而实非異种。这里只在物質方面考虑着問題，物質不創造差異；\n\n5因为这人与那人各有其骨肉，但这并不使兩人成为各别的品种。综合实体各自为“别”，但不“别于品种”，因为这在定义上，并无对反。这里不含对反之“别”，而是最后不可更区分的个体之“别”。\n\n10加里亞是公式综合于物質；于是白人也如此，因为这就是那个别的加里亞其肤色是白而已；人之为白，出于偶然屬性，于定义上无所增益。一銅圈或一木圈也不是于种有異；若謂銅三角与木圈異于品种，則其为異不在物質，而是因为它們在定义上已成为一个对反。然而物質能在某一方式上使事物为别，却不能使事物于品种\n\n15上成为别么？或也能在另一意义上使事物为品种之“别”？虽則于它們的个体定义中包括了它們的物質，何以这匹馬与这个人于种有别？无疑的，因为这在定义上有一个对反在。白人与黑馬之間也有一对反，而且这是品种上的对反，这对反不在于其一之白色\n\n20与另一之黑色，卽使兩皆为白，白人与白馬仍还是“于种有别”。但雌雄<男女>为动物之特有秉賦，其为分別不由其怎是而由于物質，卽身体。为此之故，同一种籽只为所受某項作用就或成为雌，或成为雄。这里我們已說明了何謂“品种有別”以及何以有些事物異于\n\nJ9\n\n1058b\n\n206","previous_page":205,"next_page":207}