{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc","title":"形而上学","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7100011361","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc","id":"88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc","uuid":"88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc","title":"形而上学","normalized_title":"形而上学","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7100011361","isbns":["7100011361"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":383,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%BD%A2%E8%80%8C%E4%B8%8A%E5%AD%A6","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/88efeb70-2043-4122-a461-fbf8384bb0fc/search"},"page":{"printed_page":44,"pdf_page":48,"physical_index":48,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"472b75f49aceabaa5add844663609509feb829812d2c5d75b0f308d772d2f021"},"chapter":"形而上学","content":"分。又照这理論来講，在同一地位就該有兩个立体，若說間体就在15那个动变的可見立体之中，这就不能说间体为不动变的了。究屬为什么目的，人們必須假定有間体存在于可見事物之中，象我們前已述及的同类悖理將跟着出現；天地之外將别有天地，只是这一天地还与原天地在同一位置，而并不分离；这是更不可能的。①\n\n章三\n\n20 (六)关于这些論題作确当的陈述是很难的，此外是否应以一事物的科屬抑或不如以其原始組成为事物的要素与原理，这样的問題也是很难說的。例如各种言語均由字母組成，通常都不以“言25 語”这科屬通名，而以字母为要素与原理。在儿何上有些命題不証而明，而其它的一切命題或多数命題的証明却有賴于这些命題，我們称这些命題为儿何的要素。还有，那些人說物体为几种元素或30一种元素組成，其意也在以組成部分为物体的原理；例如恩培多克勒說火与水与其它为組成事物的元素时，他幷不以这些为現存事物的科屬。此外，我們若要考察任何事物的素質，我們就考查其各  \n198b部分，例如一張床，我們懂得了它的各个部分及其合成，就懂得这床的性質了。从这些論点来判断，事物之原理不应在科屬。\n\n可是，若說我們要凭定义認識每一事物，則科屬是定义的基5本，亦必是一切可界說事物的原理。事物依品种而題名，人能認知此品种即便認識了这事物，而認識品种必以認識科屬为起点。至于那些人以“一”与“是”②，或“大与小”③为事物之要素，其意就在10將原理看作科屬。\n\n但原理不能用兩个不同的方式来說明。因为本体只能是一个\n\nB3\n\n998 a\n\n①997a34—998a19，参看1059a38—b21，其答案可参考卷，章六至十，及卷M, N.\n\n②指学派与柏拉图(参看996a6)。\n\n③指柏拉图(参看卷 A 987b 20)。\n\n44","previous_page":43,"next_page":45}