{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"8a04aa64-c2b4-47c2-bfde-f0b740dd022a","title":"启蒙辩证法：哲学断片","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7208060754","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"8a04aa64-c2b4-47c2-bfde-f0b740dd022a","id":"8a04aa64-c2b4-47c2-bfde-f0b740dd022a","uuid":"8a04aa64-c2b4-47c2-bfde-f0b740dd022a","title":"启蒙辩证法：哲学断片","normalized_title":"启蒙辩证法哲学断片","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7208060754","isbns":["7208060754"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":303,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/8a04aa64-c2b4-47c2-bfde-f0b740dd022a","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%90%AF%E8%92%99%E8%BE%A9%E8%AF%81%E6%B3%95%EF%BC%9A%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E6%96%AD%E7%89%87","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/8a04aa64-c2b4-47c2-bfde-f0b740dd022a/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/8a04aa64-c2b4-47c2-bfde-f0b740dd022a/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/8a04aa64-c2b4-47c2-bfde-f0b740dd022a","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/8a04aa64-c2b4-47c2-bfde-f0b740dd022a/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/8a04aa64-c2b4-47c2-bfde-f0b740dd022a/search"},"page":{"printed_page":194,"pdf_page":215,"physical_index":215,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"cf12e7d55aa67dd7319a42a5b840d7d604f991c4887f2ddedcb166e61a5bb41c"},"chapter":"启蒙辩证法","content":"这样，在聪明和愚蠢之间就必然会产生一种矛盾。资产阶级的理性要求必须具有普遍性，但同时也设定它的限度。就像在交换过程中一样，每个人都得到他的一份，然而，社会不公的现象还是出现了，所以我们说，交换经济的反思形式是占主导地位的理性，它不仅公正，而且具有普遍性，但它同时也是有所偏向的，它是平等中的特权工具。法西斯主义者注意到了这种理性。他们公然维护着特殊的利益，紧接着又揭示了建立在普遍性上的理性的限度。聪明摇身变成了愚蠢，这就证实了理性的不合理性。\n\n不过，法西斯主义者也为这种矛盾而感到苦恼。事实上，资产阶级理性既是特殊的，又是普遍的，而且，正是因为法西斯主义否定了它的普遍性，这种普遍性才加快了法西斯主义的步伐。那些在德国独揽大权的人，相对于自由主义者来说既聪明，也更愚蠢。所以，通往新秩序的进程反而获得了那些对该进程毫无意识的人的拥护：诸如破了产的人，结党营私的人以及笨得要命的人，等等。只要他们的权力能够防止一切竞争，他们就不会犯错误。然而，在国家之间的竞争中，法西斯主义者不仅有能力制造错误，而且还会利用目光短浅、顽固不化、对经济力量茫然无知等特点，特别是利用对事物的消极因素视而不见，在估计整个形势中忽视了消极因素等情况，主观上促成了他们内心中期待已久的灾难。\n\n启蒙辩证法\n\n194","previous_page":193,"next_page":195}