{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"8c70ffdd-8a8c-4694-a2ec-203e499f30b0","title":"从“解剖政治”到“生命政治” 福柯政治哲学研究","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787208147485","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"8c70ffdd-8a8c-4694-a2ec-203e499f30b0","id":"8c70ffdd-8a8c-4694-a2ec-203e499f30b0","uuid":"8c70ffdd-8a8c-4694-a2ec-203e499f30b0","title":"从“解剖政治”到“生命政治” 福柯政治哲学研究","normalized_title":"从解剖政治到生命政治福柯政治哲学研究","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787208147485","isbns":["9787208147485"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":336,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/8c70ffdd-8a8c-4694-a2ec-203e499f30b0","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E4%BB%8E%E2%80%9C%E8%A7%A3%E5%89%96%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E2%80%9D%E5%88%B0%E2%80%9C%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E2%80%9D%20%E7%A6%8F%E6%9F%AF%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/8c70ffdd-8a8c-4694-a2ec-203e499f30b0/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/8c70ffdd-8a8c-4694-a2ec-203e499f30b0/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/8c70ffdd-8a8c-4694-a2ec-203e499f30b0","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/8c70ffdd-8a8c-4694-a2ec-203e499f30b0/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/8c70ffdd-8a8c-4694-a2ec-203e499f30b0/search"},"page":{"printed_page":172,"pdf_page":181,"physical_index":181,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"54a60e36ee173d7d23873d666fac80a7d45e70e2caec854bf9f4fb8375a64825"},"chapter":"第七章 管治:从身体转向人口","content":"鉴于法律往往限定权力实施的范围，而渗透整个社会的全景敞视主义则能使权力在法律之下运作一种既宏大又细密的机制。虽然戒训也依照规则和制度，但戒训运作的机制却会突破法律为权力设定的界限，会暂时搁置法律，因而戒训是一种反法律(contre-droit)。监视这种戒训权力取代了惩罚这种法典化权力，对罪犯的有益矫驯(dressage)代替了刑罚对法律主体的重新定性。作为集中体现最严厉戒训以使得犯人变得驯服和有用的机构，监狱在刑法体系把它规定为典型的刑罚之前就已存在，在法律机构之外就已存在，监狱起源于戒训权力所特有的种种机制，“而非18、19世纪之交所确定的刑事制度中的一个内生要素”②。作为温和有效的全面监视和惩罚机构，监狱的诞生标志着戒训机制征服了以暴力为特征的法律制度，戒训机构愈来愈多地承担起原先由刑事机构承担的功能，戒训权力与法律权力之间的沟通日益频繁。“于是，正是全景敞视程序的有规律的扩展，正是全景敞视程序的无限细密的网络，而非每个法律主体中的普遍法律意识，才推广了惩罚权力。”①体现司法正义的惩罚权更多地来自戒训，而非来自旨在保障公民权利的法律意识。这就不难理解福柯会说出这样的话：“启蒙运动’发现了自由，也发明了戒训。”②福柯一语道破了启蒙思想的两面性：自由与戒训的共生，解放与束缚的共生，自主与臣服的共生。\n\n从“解剖政治”到“生命政治”—福柯政治哲学研究\n\n172\n\n② Ibid., p.297.\n\n① Michel Foucault, Surveiller et punir, Éditions Gallimard, Paris, 1975, p.258.","previous_page":171,"next_page":173}