{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"8caa5f1d-993f-4d27-a751-4209eb70de9c","title":"新黑暗时代：科技与未来的终结","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787218135007","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"8caa5f1d-993f-4d27-a751-4209eb70de9c","id":"8caa5f1d-993f-4d27-a751-4209eb70de9c","uuid":"8caa5f1d-993f-4d27-a751-4209eb70de9c","title":"新黑暗时代：科技与未来的终结","normalized_title":"新黑暗时代科技与未来的终结","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787218135007","isbns":["9787218135007"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":319,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/8caa5f1d-993f-4d27-a751-4209eb70de9c","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%96%B0%E9%BB%91%E6%9A%97%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3%EF%BC%9A%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80%E4%B8%8E%E6%9C%AA%E6%9D%A5%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%88%E7%BB%93","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/8caa5f1d-993f-4d27-a751-4209eb70de9c/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/8caa5f1d-993f-4d27-a751-4209eb70de9c/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/8caa5f1d-993f-4d27-a751-4209eb70de9c","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/8caa5f1d-993f-4d27-a751-4209eb70de9c/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/8caa5f1d-993f-4d27-a751-4209eb70de9c/search"},"page":{"printed_page":"89 / 82","pdf_page":96,"physical_index":96,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"d37c8c296bcb20a2e2e778b14ad50e3ab19990982ad05e5340e03833b96af0b9"},"chapter":"第十章阴云261","content":"摩尔定律起初只是即兴的观察，后来却发展成为漫长的20世纪的主题，获得了类似于物理法则的神圣光环。但是与恒定的物理法则不同，摩尔定律是依情况而变的。它不仅受限于制作工艺，还依赖物理科学的发现以及支撑投资和市场的经济、社会体系。它还取决于消费者的购买欲望：人们会更青睐每年越来越小、越来越快的发光物件。摩尔定律不仅是技术和经济的，它还是欲望的。\n\n自20世纪60年代开始，集成电路的快速发展影响了整个计算工业：每年都会产生全新的芯片类型，这主要取决于半导体的发展。没有任何一家硬件制造商或软件开发商能够支付独立开发设备的成本，它们倾向于从少数销售商那里购买越来越密集、功能越来越强大的芯片。制造芯片的厂家决定了计算机的形态，直至其呈现给终端消费者。这造就了软件工业的增长：摆脱了对硬件制造商的依赖，软件也不再需要销售商。先是出现了微软、思科（Cisco）和甲骨文（Oracle）等垄断商业巨头，接着又形成了经济、政治和意识形态重地—硅谷。由于资源稀缺，早期软件开发商需要不断优化它们的代码，为复杂的算法难题找到更简洁经济的方法。然而，初始计算能力的快速增长意味着程序员只需要静待十八个月，就可以等到双倍性能的机器。当下一个销售季来临时就又会有大量的新资源，那为啥还要精打细算呢？最终，微软创始人的名字成为了另一条计算科学法则：盖茨定律(GatesLaw）。根据盖茨定律，由于编码的浪费、低效和冗余码的出现，软件运行速度每隔十八个月就会减半。\n\n83\n\n89\n\n第四章运算\n\n82","previous_page":95,"next_page":97}