{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33","title":"后工作时代：平台资本主义时代的劳动力","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787532792511","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33","id":"93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33","uuid":"93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33","title":"后工作时代：平台资本主义时代的劳动力","normalized_title":"后工作时代平台资本主义时代的劳动力","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787532792511","isbns":["9787532792511"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":145,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%90%8E%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3%EF%BC%9A%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3%E7%9A%84%E5%8A%B3%E5%8A%A8%E5%8A%9B","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33/search"},"page":{"printed_page":13,"pdf_page":17,"physical_index":17,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"4541ab8bdc2cf0cf4dcdc87e2c3d566952899f50197dc28039671c1efc3b522a"},"chapter":"第一章硅谷的剩余劳动力","content":"M2Work只是众多的“有偿众包”企业中的一个，这些企业利用微工作来获得全球劳动力中曾经无法触及的那部分。由Deepen AI公司运营的非政府组织Lifelong培训叙利亚难民为谷歌和亚马逊等公司注释数据。[1]同样，非营利平台Samasource培训乌干达、肯尼亚和印度的难民完成短期数据任务，并积极招募难民为亚马逊的Mechanical Turk网站工作。[2]该平台的口号是“给予工作，而非援助”，完美地概括了此类项目的宗旨。Samasource创造了“微工作”一词来表示反映其宗旨的小额贷款项目。就像向失业者和穷人提供的小额信贷一样，认为市场是一种灵丹妙药的激进信念为这些项目提供理由，但这些项目只能让一些相关国家陷入债务、战争和贫困的循环之中。微工作没有权利和安全保障，也缺乏日常规律性，而且报酬极为微薄虽然让一个人免于饿死，却让其在社会上处于瘫痪无力的状态。困在难民营、贫民窟和殖民占领地的工人们，被迫从事微工作，仅仅是为了在赤贫的生活条件中活下去。 [3]这些计划中赤裸裸的种族化遵循监狱工业综合体的逻辑其中过剩人口——主要是黑人——被关进监狱，并依法被迫劳动，这些报酬微薄，甚至没有报酬的劳动是他们服刑的一部分。〔1]微工作项目同样在剥削那些困在经济阴影中的人，成为某种可被称为难民工业综合体的一部分。\n\n[1] Nicola Croce, \"The New Assembly Lines: Why AI Needs Low Skill Workers Too', We Forum, 12 August 2019.\n\n[2] Joel Ross, Lilly Irani, M. Six Silberman, Andrew Zaldivar, and Bill Tomlinson, 'Who Are the Crowdworkers? Shifting Demographics in Amazon Mechanical Turk', CHI EA '10: CHI'10 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, April 2010, pp. 2863—2872.\n\n〔3〕关于最先使用“赤贫生活”（barelife，又译“赤裸生命”）的例子，参见 Giorgio Agamben, Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life, StanfordUniversity Press, 1998。\n\n13","previous_page":12,"next_page":14}