{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33","title":"后工作时代：平台资本主义时代的劳动力","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787532792511","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33","id":"93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33","uuid":"93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33","title":"后工作时代：平台资本主义时代的劳动力","normalized_title":"后工作时代平台资本主义时代的劳动力","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787532792511","isbns":["9787532792511"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":145,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%90%8E%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3%EF%BC%9A%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3%E7%9A%84%E5%8A%B3%E5%8A%A8%E5%8A%9B","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33/search"},"page":{"printed_page":21,"pdf_page":25,"physical_index":25,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"422dc2c51ac8a3ca2acc962f14cc19ddbe169b1100444c351e8009935e557af6"},"chapter":"第一章硅谷的剩余劳动力","content":"二战后的时代代表了资本主义历史上的一个特殊时期，其特点是充满活力，工资上涨，高生产率和相对稳定的经济增长。对于那些从这种经济活力中受益的人——主要是来自全球北方的白人男性雇员——而言，社会民主提供了强大的福利国家保障，而福特主义的经济体制则以其长期和大规模的资本投资创造了稳定的、持久的经济增长，从而为稳定的就业和广泛的工会运动创造了基础。这一共识的中心是从二战后经济废墟中崛起的新的霸权国家—美国。美国在制造业和出口方面的中心地位产生了这一时期的最初经济推动力，并在后来受到新兴的德国和日本经济的互补性竞争的进一步推动。 [1]\n\n然而，这一时期非常短暂。从1960年代中期开始，美国、日本和德国经济体生产的商品种类越来越同质化。产能过剩很快就开始了，导致了盈利危机和随之而来的我们今天仍在经历的“长期停滞”。〔2]美国制造业背负着过时的、更加昂贵的生产流程，首先受到影响。然后美国通过打破布雷顿森林体系，并通过一系列汇率调整使美元贬值，首先将危机转移到德国和日本，然后再转移到欧洲其他国家。全球制造业的停滞迅速开始，这种经济停滞在此后的几十年里变得更加持久和明显。\n\n[1] Robert Brenner, The Boom and the Bubble, Verso, 2002, pp. 12—20.\n\n[2]同上，还可参见 Larry Summers, Secular Stagnation, Penguin, 2019。\n\n21","previous_page":20,"next_page":22}