{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33","title":"后工作时代：平台资本主义时代的劳动力","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787532792511","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33","id":"93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33","uuid":"93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33","title":"后工作时代：平台资本主义时代的劳动力","normalized_title":"后工作时代平台资本主义时代的劳动力","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787532792511","isbns":["9787532792511"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":145,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%90%8E%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3%EF%BC%9A%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3%E7%9A%84%E5%8A%B3%E5%8A%A8%E5%8A%9B","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33/search"},"page":{"printed_page":33,"pdf_page":37,"physical_index":37,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"478792cd117c9f5268ea4d4df2e99c446d0f4f0253bfe5fc3506d09aa5ff0e1f"},"chapter":"第一章硅谷的剩余劳动力","content":"尽管将非正规经济活动完全排除在经济主体之外的想法一直以来与世界银行等机构相关，而不是与实际生活相关，但随着微任务和临时工作大量代替全职工作，这种区别似乎变得越来越微弱。正如迈克·戴维斯所说，“可以肯定的是，非正规无产阶级的一部分是正规经济的隐性劳动力”。[3]尽管在大多数情况下，非正规经济活动只是一个小现象，但沃尔玛等公司将其供应链扩展至印度沿街叫卖商贩的方式却有据可查，全球时装业对孟买和德里街道两旁的小型便利店的利用也是如此。[4]但曾经边缘的东西，现在变成了核心。通过微工作网站实现的更广泛且更难以追溯的供应链，平台资本主义将非正规经济的逻辑和现实作为一种新的规范带入资本积累的最核心地带。今天世界上所有最大的公司都是由那些被经济体系抛弃的隐性群体提供动力。在那些努力在非正规工作中维持生计的人群中，或者在正式就业中勉强糊口的人群中，平台找到了能够被更美好生活的承诺所吸引的一个绝望的群体。然而，这样的承诺一做出来，就被打破了——非正规领域的琐碎服务工作和大型科技公司提供的微任务没有本质区别，都缺乏权益、稳定性的工作常规、明确的职责、安全性或未来发展。兜售纸巾的人和给数据贴标签的人都被世界银行称为“微企业家”，这表明了一个令人不安的事实，那就是从微工作到街头小贩之间仅仅有一点点法律称呼上的区别，而实质上并无不同。〔1]\n\n[1]Mike Davis, Planet of Slums, Verso, 2007, p. 175.\n\n〔2]关于“寻找工作者和搜集工作者”的更加完整的论述，参见JanBreman,Wage Hunters and Gatherers: Search for Work in the Rural and Urban Economyof South Gujarat, Oxford University Press India, 1994。\n\n[3]Davis, Planet of Slums, p. 178.\n\n[4] 'Walmart's Global Track Record and the Implications for FDI in Multi-Brand Retail in India', UNI Global Union, March 2012. 关于最近大型公司利用 印度街边小店的例子，参见 Rahul Sachitanand, 'Battleground Kirana: The Anatomy of India's Raging Retail War', The Economic Times, 9 June 2019。\n\n33","previous_page":32,"next_page":34}