{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33","title":"后工作时代：平台资本主义时代的劳动力","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787532792511","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33","id":"93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33","uuid":"93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33","title":"后工作时代：平台资本主义时代的劳动力","normalized_title":"后工作时代平台资本主义时代的劳动力","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787532792511","isbns":["9787532792511"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":145,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%90%8E%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3%EF%BC%9A%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3%E7%9A%84%E5%8A%B3%E5%8A%A8%E5%8A%9B","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/93d97921-01f1-48cb-976b-1fe80778bb33/search"},"page":{"printed_page":57,"pdf_page":61,"physical_index":61,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"58e8f6cfbba4a0609d7ad0638ae284a72221ab9e29170c8cacd7711b803f27fc"},"chapter":"第三章作为服务的人类","content":"与非正规经济的其他领域一样，微工作网站拥有“长期的超大量的劳动力”。〔2]劳动力供大于求和缺乏其他就业选择，迫使工人整夜寻找报酬仅有几美分的任务。同淹没孟买和金沙萨等城市的自发的劳动力过剩不同，数字领域的劳动力过剩是战略规划的结果。微工作网站的建构方式就是为了吸引远超任务数量的工人，以提高生产力并降低报酬，这意味着所有人都必须接受恶劣的条件，例如长时间工作和通宵工作。上文描述的情况并不少见。一项关于撒哈拉以南非洲微工作的大型研究发现，肯尼亚工人每周工作78个小时。 [3]\n\n工作节奏加快和工作时间延长的双重压力之下，工作准确性会受到影响。但是由于任务报酬极少，任务发布者并不在乎错误，他们将大量类似的任务分配给很多的工人，知道大量“完成的产品”将无法使用。对任务发布者来说，重要是在短时间内完成足够多的质量过得去的任务。\n\n为了确保完成任务的速度，大多数网站都允许任务发布者对任务设定具体的时间节点，如果没有按规定时间完成任务，则不会支付报酬。在Leapforce（2017年被Appen收购）平台上，一个典型的任务完成时间被限定在30秒到\n\n[1] Veena Dubal, 'Digital Piecework', Dissent, Fall 2020.\n\n[2] Frank Snowden, Naples in the Time of Cholera, Cambridge University Press, 1995, pp. 35—36.\n\n[3] Alex J. Wood, Mark Graham, Vili Lehdonvirta, and Isis Hjorth, 'Good Gig, Bad Gig: Autonomy and Algorithmic Control in the Global Gig Economy', Work, Employment and Society 33 (1), February 2019, p. 67.\n\n57","previous_page":56,"next_page":58}