{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"95b6255f-fe45-47a4-9f2d-278e1ac56d00","title":"符号政治经济学批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787305142840","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"95b6255f-fe45-47a4-9f2d-278e1ac56d00","id":"95b6255f-fe45-47a4-9f2d-278e1ac56d00","uuid":"95b6255f-fe45-47a4-9f2d-278e1ac56d00","title":"符号政治经济学批判","normalized_title":"符号政治经济学批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787305142840","isbns":["9787305142840"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":353,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/95b6255f-fe45-47a4-9f2d-278e1ac56d00","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E7%AC%A6%E5%8F%B7%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E6%89%B9%E5%88%A4","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/95b6255f-fe45-47a4-9f2d-278e1ac56d00/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/95b6255f-fe45-47a4-9f2d-278e1ac56d00/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/95b6255f-fe45-47a4-9f2d-278e1ac56d00","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/95b6255f-fe45-47a4-9f2d-278e1ac56d00/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/95b6255f-fe45-47a4-9f2d-278e1ac56d00/search"},"page":{"printed_page":"51 / 049","pdf_page":95,"physical_index":95,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"3799d2038266e16f3a7947c404c4d7d55e6b145137896d49f98f88ae75c57c58"},"chapter":"第一章符号的功能与阶级的逻辑①","content":"民主的借口：消费的“普遍化”\n\n当然，这种文化阶级的逻辑从来没有显现过：相反，消费将自己表现为一种民主的社会功能，由此，它如同一种阶级制度一样发挥着作用。它将自身表现为一种满足人类需要的功能—物、商品、服务，所有这些都是对社会及个人的普遍的“人类”动机的一种回应——由此也是一种普遍的经验性的功能。在此基础上，人们甚至可以认为消费的功能就是要在一个被分层的社会中纠正那些社会的不公正(这正是消费意识形态的产生机制):与社会等级的力量及其社会起源相对立，确实存在着休闲的民主、高速公路的民主以及冰箱的民主。\n\n资本主义社会中的文化阶级逻辑常常植根于普遍性的民主借口之中。宗教曾经是普遍性的。人文主义的自由与平等的观念也是普遍性的。今天，普遍性具有了一种绝对的具体的显现：今天，普遍性成了人类需要，这种普遍性渗透到了所有文化的和物质的商品之中。它成了消费的普遍性。\n\n消费的多重含义，即它似乎成为那个自称在分层的社会中实现民主的一个要素，并作为一种阶级制度来更好地发挥作用—《读者文摘精粹》中对于欧洲“消费者”的调查①为我们提供了最为生动的说明：\n\n51\n\n第一章 符号的功能与阶级的逻辑\n\n049","previous_page":94,"next_page":96}