{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"98a6c6ef-8d0b-4a2a-9c10-0b5a4dd59268","title":"社会的构成 结构化理论纲要","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300227504","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"98a6c6ef-8d0b-4a2a-9c10-0b5a4dd59268","id":"98a6c6ef-8d0b-4a2a-9c10-0b5a4dd59268","uuid":"98a6c6ef-8d0b-4a2a-9c10-0b5a4dd59268","title":"社会的构成 结构化理论纲要","normalized_title":"社会的构成结构化理论纲要","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300227504","isbns":["9787300227504"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":461,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/98a6c6ef-8d0b-4a2a-9c10-0b5a4dd59268","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%9A%84%E6%9E%84%E6%88%90%20%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84%E5%8C%96%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA%E7%BA%B2%E8%A6%81","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/98a6c6ef-8d0b-4a2a-9c10-0b5a4dd59268/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/98a6c6ef-8d0b-4a2a-9c10-0b5a4dd59268/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/98a6c6ef-8d0b-4a2a-9c10-0b5a4dd59268","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/98a6c6ef-8d0b-4a2a-9c10-0b5a4dd59268/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/98a6c6ef-8d0b-4a2a-9c10-0b5a4dd59268/search"},"page":{"printed_page":68,"pdf_page":101,"physical_index":101,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"852be8523f7846793dccfd407191b4c3892458fd4bc1d2efe3bc7ca1a828c96e"},"chapter":"第二章意识、自我与日常社会接触","content":"7. 序列性\n\n日常接触是按着先后次序被纳入日常生活序列性中的现象，而且也正是它赋予日常生活序列性的形式。我们可以从日常接触的系统特性中提炼出两个主要特征：一是起始与终结（openingand closing)，一是轮次(turn-taking)。我想简单谈谈这两点。每个人度过的日常生活绵延都是一种持续不断的活动流，只有睡眠这种相对消极被动的状态才能打断它(但这也是有规律的)。正如舒茨所言，主体产生反思性关注的这一刻，可以对活动的绵延造成“置括”或者说“理念上的隔断”(conceptually segmented)作用。当一个人被他人要求就其活动的某些方面给出“理由”或者作出澄清时，就会发生这种情况。但日常生活绵延同时也被日常接触的起始与终结“置括”。用戈夫曼的话来说，“这样就可以谈论时间性置括的起始与终结，谈论空间性置括的界限”[49]。戈夫曼热衷于他的拟剧论(dramaturgical)隐喻和类比，以戏剧舞台上场景起始与终结所采用的手法为例。响铃、熄灯、启幕，表示一场戏将要开始；而结束时随着大幕的降下，观众席上的灯光再次打亮。绝大多数社会场合都采用某种形式化提示手段，以暗示其起始与终结，这一点是仪式性场合(ritualoccasion）的共同特征，无论是传统文化，还是当代社会特有的各种较为世俗化的社会场合，在这方面殊无二致。例如，各种加入仪式（initiationceremonies）的置括，一般意味着在这一场合的框架中，行为方式将会发生巨大变化，其中的那些标志仿佛表示从凡俗转到了神圣。凯洛瓦(Caillois)据此指出：宗教与“游戏”这两个领域之间不仅有着直接的历史影响，还有许多相似之处。[50]\n\n社会的构成\n\n68","previous_page":67,"next_page":69}