{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"9b88d2f2-8eab-4576-8a52-82d9265ef4da","title":"技术与时间：1.爱比米修斯的过失","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787544726863","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"9b88d2f2-8eab-4576-8a52-82d9265ef4da","id":"9b88d2f2-8eab-4576-8a52-82d9265ef4da","uuid":"9b88d2f2-8eab-4576-8a52-82d9265ef4da","title":"技术与时间：1.爱比米修斯的过失","normalized_title":"技术与时间1爱比米修斯的过失","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787544726863","isbns":["9787544726863"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":329,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/9b88d2f2-8eab-4576-8a52-82d9265ef4da","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E4%B8%8E%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4%EF%BC%9A1.%E7%88%B1%E6%AF%94%E7%B1%B3%E4%BF%AE%E6%96%AF%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%87%E5%A4%B1","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/9b88d2f2-8eab-4576-8a52-82d9265ef4da/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/9b88d2f2-8eab-4576-8a52-82d9265ef4da/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/9b88d2f2-8eab-4576-8a52-82d9265ef4da","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/9b88d2f2-8eab-4576-8a52-82d9265ef4da/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/9b88d2f2-8eab-4576-8a52-82d9265ef4da/search"},"page":{"printed_page":168,"pdf_page":182,"physical_index":182,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"387f5743bb0b06d734e1280806e43d93b799aa08b9e140ee5201acbbc2739dfd"},"chapter":"第三章谁?什么?人的发明","content":"这样就自然联系到深埋在非常古老的自我保存本能中的死亡意识的显露。假如自我保存本能不发生作用、不产生差异，那么裂变的原点就是技术：严格地说，只有在产生了外在化运动和代具之后才有死亡可言。但是，只要有了外在化和代具，就必有死亡。死亡—即(对终结的)超前—必须从两个层次上加以分析。\n\n6. 技术差异化的双重起源\n\n工具系统和骨骼结构的进化是同步的。“可以断定，在旧人时代，工具在很大程度上是特定行为的直接衍射”。工具的这种特定性，即它的纯粹动物性的特征是和勒鲁瓦-古兰在第二卷中展开的观点相矛盾的：在第二卷中，他将动物(种类)群体和人类群体的种族相对立，动物群体受遗传性的特定差异化运动支配，人类群体受技术社会文化性的种族差异化运动支配。在此，特定性和我们所说的后种系发生是对立的。\n\n两种差异化的区别就在于：在特定差异化中，决定群体记忆的是机体内在的遗传功能，而在种族差异化中，决定群体记忆的是外在的因素。特定就是指“纯粹动物性”，而种族则是指非遗传的程序，因为，一个种族的记忆存在于个体之外，它可以独立于遗传变异而进化，因此是时间性的。然而勒鲁瓦-古兰在此所说的“特定性”的含义显然更加宽泛，所以它非但不和种族差异对立，相反，它一开始也属于人类群体的种族差\n\n技术与时间\n\n《手势和语言》，第140页。\n\n168","previous_page":167,"next_page":169}