{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02","title":"人工智能和资本主义的未来","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9780745338613","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02","id":"a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02","uuid":"a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02","title":"人工智能和资本主义的未来","normalized_title":"人工智能和资本主义的未来","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9780745338613","isbns":["9780745338613","9780745338606","9781786803955","9781786803979","9781786803962"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":225,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E5%92%8C%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E7%9A%84%E6%9C%AA%E6%9D%A5","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02/search"},"page":{"printed_page":135,"pdf_page":143,"physical_index":143,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"cfb16f99861d28bdd21c5a4b0675f138d8e0502ef2cc1e1886758259bed8e87e"},"chapter":"Digital Barricades: Interventions in Digital Culture and Politics","content":"ARTIFICIAL PROLETARIANS\n\nWhereas the slave relationship is ‘posited directly by force’ the worker’s relationship to capital is mediated by exchange (Marx 1993: 769). As Marx argues, it is a law of capital to create surplus-value, but ‘it can do this only by setting necessary labour in motion – i.e. entering into exchange with the worker’ (1993: 769, 399). Thus while the capacity to labour is a necessary condition for producing value, the sufficient condition is social and specifically concerns how ‘the silent compulsion of economic relations’ (Marx 1990: 899) force one class of people to sell their labourpower to a class of capitalists in exchange for a wage so that they can buy the commodities they need to survive. After this exchange, the capitalist is in possession of variable capital because the use-value of this unique commodity, i.e. labour, makes it ‘a source not only of value, but of more value than it has itself’, i.e. greater than what the capitalist paid as a wage (Marx 1990: 301). The capitalist is thus not interested in labour as the concrete activities that yield use-values, but only as an abstract activity that lasts for a definite length of time, because only abstract labour posits value. The existence of labour as an abstraction in terms of time is the condition of possibility for the valorization of value because only then is it possible to distinguish between necessary labour-time and surplus labour-time. For Marx, the technical term exploitation refers to the difference between the value of labour-power, as reflected in the wage, and the necessary part of labour-time, and the value living labour valorizes as reflected in surplus labour-time. Against the resistance and struggle of workers, capital always strives to increase the time in which the worker works beyond necessary labour-time. Surplus-value thus arises from the fundamentally antagonistic relationship between capital and labour, i.e. capitalists and workers.\n\nperfect machines, inhuman labour\n\n135","previous_page":134,"next_page":136}