{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02","title":"人工智能和资本主义的未来","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9780745338613","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02","id":"a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02","uuid":"a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02","title":"人工智能和资本主义的未来","normalized_title":"人工智能和资本主义的未来","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9780745338613","isbns":["9780745338613","9780745338606","9781786803955","9781786803979","9781786803962"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":225,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E5%92%8C%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E7%9A%84%E6%9C%AA%E6%9D%A5","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02/search"},"page":{"printed_page":136,"pdf_page":144,"physical_index":144,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"4c44f713d6a801075c228b41488ce2a8a0dd27fa19ccc1412a385f0157449b1f"},"chapter":"Digital Barricades: Interventions in Digital Culture and Politics","content":"Thus, for AGIs to produce surplus-value they would have to enter into this same antagonistic relationship, meaning they would have to be proletarianized and turned into wage-labourers (Kjøsen 2013a; 2018). But to do that the AGIs would have to be able to sell their labour-power, and if they are the private property of others this would be impossible. When discussing how the capitalist can find labour-power at the market, Marx explains that a precondition is that individual members of society must be ‘free in the double sense’ (1990: 272). First, they must be free subjects in a legal sense so that they can become the free proprietors of their labour-power. In other words, they cannot be slaves or serfs. Second, they must be free from owning any means of production required for realizing their own labour-power. Thus true to the form of bourgeois freedom, the doubly-free worker is still dominated; having no property with which to produce their means of subsistence forces doubly-free workers, on the threat of survival, to sell the only property they own, labour-power, to someone else (Marx 1990: 271–3). Thus the proletarianization of AGI would be dependent on its legal status: either as property or as a property-owning legal person. If AGIs do not become doubly-free workers, their introduction as replicants of human labour would, by slowly or quickly pushing human labourers completely to the side of production, lead to fulfilling the prophecy of capital’s autonegation in the ‘Fragment on Machines’.\n\nIn Marx’s theoretical framework, the doubly-free worker is one of the logical and historical preconditions for production based on capital; it is likewise for a capitalist mode of production based on intelligent machines. The doubly-free worker explains how perfect machines would lose their character of being machines by shedding their appearance as fixed capital and transforming into variable capital. By this logic, the nineteenth-century abolition of slavery in the United States is the historical precedent for the possibility that generally intelligent machines could become productive of value. Despite performing human labour, black slaves did not create value because the mode of their existence not only violently denied them their humanity, but reduced them to livinglabour machines, thus having the same status and social function as an animal or machine in production. But after emancipation, the former black slaves (fixed capital) that did not acquire land to realize their own labour-power, became legally free to dispose of their labour-power and engage in wage-labour (variable capital) (Kolchin 1993: 216–20).\n\n136\n\ninhuman power","previous_page":135,"next_page":137}