{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02","title":"人工智能和资本主义的未来","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9780745338613","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02","id":"a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02","uuid":"a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02","title":"人工智能和资本主义的未来","normalized_title":"人工智能和资本主义的未来","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9780745338613","isbns":["9780745338613","9780745338606","9781786803955","9781786803979","9781786803962"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":225,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E5%92%8C%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E7%9A%84%E6%9C%AA%E6%9D%A5","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02/search"},"page":{"printed_page":152,"pdf_page":160,"physical_index":160,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"efdf36873a5fb7de4e1ebce8b3b83af782d9d92132bc86a7c2be7087bbc9185f"},"chapter":"Digital Barricades: Interventions in Digital Culture and Politics","content":"The response from AI enthusiasts, capitalist and socialist, is that AI is precisely what is now needed to avert global warming and other environmental cataclysms. Not only does the very identification of global warming depend on advanced computing infrastructures (Edwards 2010), but the establishment of networks of sensors and monitors measuring and controlling energy, automatically orchestrating an array of clean energy sources, levelling out peak usage, coordinating surge pricing, etc., could, it is claimed, prevent, or at least moderate, climate crisis. AI will exercise a pastoral care over humanity. Such visions of high-technology environmental stewardship are part of the discourse of eco-modernity (Amblee 2018). The difficulty with this attractive vision is that AI, having apparently been converted from being part of the problem to being part of the solution, immediately threatens to turn back into the problem again because AI is a high-energy-use proposition (LePage 2018). Domestic use of electronic gadgets makes a contribution to global warming, but the great data centres crucial to AI are major heat-generating sources. Despite real advances in greening computer technology, some of the most publicized efforts, such as Google’s clean data centre policy, are based on offset credits, purchasing heat pollution rights from other companies (Geuss 2018b). As Benjamin Bratton (2016) has described, there is a real possibility that the energy expenditure required for the comprehensive machinic modelling and monitoring of global carbon emissions might actually contribute more to the heating of the planet than it would save. Underlying this problem is the paradox that if AI is being employed simultaneously to promote high economic growth societies, with their vigorous exploitation of the environment, and to mitigate that exploitation, it is running against itself. This, it seems to us, is what is envisaged by left accelerationism and fully automated luxury communism.\n\nWartime AI\n\nEcological crisis is not the only vector pushing towards a rethinking of rosy visions of high-tech socialism. In the ‘Fragment on Machines’, Marx speaks of high-technology, as it existed in his industrial age, exploding the foundations of capitalism. We take this rather literally. The cybernetic origins of AI lie in war, and so may its denouement. The rapidly expanding military application of ML and robotics in so-called New Cold Wars and wars on terror overlies the class-war dynamics we have charted in previous chapters. Discernible in what is widely termed an AI ‘arms race’ between the US and China are the not-so-faintly inscribed lines of badly fated collisions between declining and ascending great powers. This polarity, however, is only one term in a whole concatenation of shadow and hybrid conflicts waged in part with cybernetic and semi-autonomous weapons systems (Scharre 2018; Dyer-Witheford and Matviyenko 2019).\n\n152\n\ninhuman power","previous_page":151,"next_page":153}