{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02","title":"人工智能和资本主义的未来","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9780745338613","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02","id":"a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02","uuid":"a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02","title":"人工智能和资本主义的未来","normalized_title":"人工智能和资本主义的未来","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9780745338613","isbns":["9780745338613","9780745338606","9781786803955","9781786803979","9781786803962"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":225,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E5%92%8C%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E7%9A%84%E6%9C%AA%E6%9D%A5","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/a2eab101-adfc-4a0d-8142-63a4d11cee02/search"},"page":{"printed_page":96,"pdf_page":104,"physical_index":104,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"edd41678a87f66437a070f8a9d8de22e0f34cc90c3685069adeb8730ceeea8a1"},"chapter":"Digital Barricades: Interventions in Digital Culture and Politics","content":"The route to survival in the face of AI automation is universally held to be education. Promises of ‘reskilling’ for new AI-related work can be glibly made at the macro-level of the entire workforce, but the micro-fate of individual workers will not be so easy. A capitalist nostrum is that the technologically unemployed should upgrade their programming skills and computer literacies. In the recessionary, post-2008 crash context of abundant low-cost labour, corporations widely abandoned training: it was cheaper just to hire someone new with the relevant skills. In such a labour market, workers and the unemployed have to conduct costly upgrading efforts at the very time when neoliberal policies have made access to education sharply stratified. As Dan Shewan (2017) writes of the US:\n\nPrivate schools such as Carnegie Mellon University ... may be able to offer state-of-the-art robotics laboratories to students, but the same cannot be said for community colleges and vocational schools that offer the kind of training programs that workers displaced by robots would be forced to rely upon. In light of staggering student debt and an increasingly precarious job market, many young people are reconsidering their options. To most workers in their 40s and 50s, the idea of taking on tens of thousands of dollars of debt to attend a traditional four-year degree program at a private university is unthinkable.\n\nNotional remedies for this problem include ‘massive open online courses, career-oriented nanodegrees ... that provide industry-recognized credentials, and coding boot camps that teach career-ready IT skills in a few months’ (Kinder 2018). At present, however, ‘these programs are used predominantly by those who are already highly educated or digitally savvy and looking to further enhance their employability by mastering cutting-edge technology. Few workers at the lower end of the labor market are taking advantage of such programs’ (Kinder 2018). These problems will be intensified because in an AI-suffused context ‘the speed of technological change will require these skills to be acquired rapidly, but they will also become obsolete faster with a shorter “half-life”’, so that ‘the need to continuously re-skill and up-skill oneself will raise the cost and time required for education and individual development’ (Boston Consulting Group–Sutton Trust 2017). Regardless of the net loss of jobs associated with AI, the concatenation of problems it brings around issues of precarity, labour market polarization and job restructuring threaten greater difficulties in workplace organizing, intensified divisions between the new elites of high-technology labour and low-wage or unemployed workers, and for most people compounding stresses and costs around education and training. It will also more widely affect how people think, communicate and interact around political issues, a point we address in the following section.\n\n96\n\ninhuman power","previous_page":95,"next_page":97}