{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"a3d20d9f-08e6-48dd-8975-661ffa08f781","title":"动物与人二讲【无封面、版权页、目录页】","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"a3d20d9f-08e6-48dd-8975-661ffa08f781","id":"a3d20d9f-08e6-48dd-8975-661ffa08f781","uuid":"a3d20d9f-08e6-48dd-8975-661ffa08f781","title":"动物与人二讲【无封面、版权页、目录页】","normalized_title":"动物与人二讲无封面版权页目录页","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"isbns":[],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":114,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/a3d20d9f-08e6-48dd-8975-661ffa08f781","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9%E4%B8%8E%E4%BA%BA%E4%BA%8C%E8%AE%B2%E3%80%90%E6%97%A0%E5%B0%81%E9%9D%A2%E3%80%81%E7%89%88%E6%9D%83%E9%A1%B5%E3%80%81%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95%E9%A1%B5%E3%80%91","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/a3d20d9f-08e6-48dd-8975-661ffa08f781/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/a3d20d9f-08e6-48dd-8975-661ffa08f781/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/a3d20d9f-08e6-48dd-8975-661ffa08f781","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/a3d20d9f-08e6-48dd-8975-661ffa08f781/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/a3d20d9f-08e6-48dd-8975-661ffa08f781/search"},"page":{"printed_page":91,"pdf_page":90,"physical_index":90,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"c2a0293b072960b427f53e21eb65d16da67917e2f1e26a5a54955995a14d12a8"},"chapter":"动物与人二讲","content":"这个说明构成了《动物与人二讲》所关注的最重要的问题，即动物是否具有思考能力的问题。正是对这个问题的不同回答使得西蒙东在动物问题上同前人(尤其是笛卡尔和笛卡尔主义者）区分开来。基于动物具有思考能力这个答案，西蒙东提出了个体的心理问题，这使得超个体的个体生成异于物理和生命的个体生成。在超个体的个体生成中，前个体现实面对的是一个全新的个体生成制度，并且该个体生成制度不能够在一般生命个体的界限之内获得满足，因此，前个体现实便超越了这一界限，参与到了诸多精神存在的关系网络之中。在这个意义上，集体的概念出现了：“心理生命是从前个体到集体的过程。”1然而，西蒙东接下来的论证似乎从根本上将动物的个体生成放在了与人相同的位置上，彻底地同人本主义决裂了：\n\n前个体现实的个体生成与生命体的多元性相结合，从而得到超个体现实，作为超个体现实的集体区别于纯粹的社会性和纯粹的个体间性，实际上，纯粹的社会性存在于动物社会之中；[…]这个社会的存在条件是不同社会个体在结构与功能上的异质性。相反，超个体的集体聚集了那些同质的个体[…]。1\n\n译后记\n\n91\n\n1 Ibid., p. 165.","previous_page":90,"next_page":92}