{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"aad4d586-86fc-4d21-a20d-fd3da08aedc1","title":"导读德勒兹","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787562482765","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"aad4d586-86fc-4d21-a20d-fd3da08aedc1","id":"aad4d586-86fc-4d21-a20d-fd3da08aedc1","uuid":"aad4d586-86fc-4d21-a20d-fd3da08aedc1","title":"导读德勒兹","normalized_title":"导读德勒兹","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787562482765","isbns":["9787562482765"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":241,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/aad4d586-86fc-4d21-a20d-fd3da08aedc1","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%AF%BC%E8%AF%BB%E5%BE%B7%E5%8B%92%E5%85%B9","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/aad4d586-86fc-4d21-a20d-fd3da08aedc1/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/aad4d586-86fc-4d21-a20d-fd3da08aedc1/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/aad4d586-86fc-4d21-a20d-fd3da08aedc1","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/aad4d586-86fc-4d21-a20d-fd3da08aedc1/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/aad4d586-86fc-4d21-a20d-fd3da08aedc1/search"},"page":{"printed_page":"93 / 76","pdf_page":111,"physical_index":111,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"538d18aff78030bd457591144da504ae486fda9a084f076f2d62b5abc57e57b5"},"chapter":"导读德勒兹","content":"德勒兹因此在哲学和社会一政治学方面暗示了两种回应超验幻觉的方式。第一种是去肯定作为事件和创造的超验性，将任何基础、起源或终极外在看作是经验的效果。这是我们研究历史和哲学史的理由之一，即考察我们所产生的所有多样的平面或基础。德勒兹和加塔利的《千高原》，正如书名所暗示的那样，就是考察生命看上去被建基的那些历史的平面或高原：语言看上去预设了说话的主体；基因变异看上去建立在物种的基础上;多样的社会系统看上去是由“人”所产生的；所有我们的经济关系暗示存在着某种要被交换的原初的物质。但是这些解释的基础、平面或高原不是我们用以解释生命的原初的或终极的条件。基础是一种生产的后果；生命以两个向度表达自身，即产生基础和以某物为基础的东西。从生命的内在性出发，可区分的形式或层次因此得以区分。首先就存在着某种普遍的流，例如基因变异。但是超验幻觉一旦从已然形成的有机组织中产生，就将物种看做变异的基础。超验性的错误在于错误地颠倒了差异性和同一性之间的关系。我们以同一性为基础思考差异和变异，而不是认为同一性是从差异之中抽象出来的。我们以人为导向来看待基因，而不是认为人类只是基因变异之流的一个事件。我们将语言看作是说话者的“工具”，而不是将它看作一股产生说话者位置的区分性的力量。\n\n4 先验的经验主义\n\n93\n\n76","previous_page":110,"next_page":112}