{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"ab07c774-3ed2-48d8-8672-5c17d147d9d8","title":"哈贝马斯著作集 包容他者","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787208153554","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"ab07c774-3ed2-48d8-8672-5c17d147d9d8","id":"ab07c774-3ed2-48d8-8672-5c17d147d9d8","uuid":"ab07c774-3ed2-48d8-8672-5c17d147d9d8","title":"哈贝马斯著作集 包容他者","normalized_title":"哈贝马斯著作集包容他者","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787208153554","isbns":["9787208153554"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":389,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/ab07c774-3ed2-48d8-8672-5c17d147d9d8","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%93%88%E8%B4%9D%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF%E8%91%97%E4%BD%9C%E9%9B%86%20%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%B9%E4%BB%96%E8%80%85","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/ab07c774-3ed2-48d8-8672-5c17d147d9d8/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/ab07c774-3ed2-48d8-8672-5c17d147d9d8/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/ab07c774-3ed2-48d8-8672-5c17d147d9d8","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/ab07c774-3ed2-48d8-8672-5c17d147d9d8/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/ab07c774-3ed2-48d8-8672-5c17d147d9d8/search"},"page":{"printed_page":318,"pdf_page":327,"physical_index":327,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"0aad2d4a55b549d65303bbdb38c38a90357132ad0ab4055d67c20136c4d36b1a"},"chapter":"包容他者","content":"人民主权概念来源于共和主义对现代早期主权概念的吸收和转化。而现代早期的主权概念原来是和专制主义的统治联系在一起的。国家是权力运作合法化的手段，被认为是权力的核心，可以凌驾于一切其他权力之上。卢梭把这一源于让·博丹的思想转化成全体民众的意志，并把它与自由和平等的原始自我统治观念融合起来，从而使之上升为现代的自主概念(Autonomie)。尽管卢梭的这一做法具有规范色彩，但人民主权过去还是一直和体现在民众身上的意见联系在一起，当然首先是和那些在场民众的意见联系在一起的。共和主义认为，这些在场的民众是不能被代表的主权的载体：也就是说，这些民众是自主的，就此而言，他们是不可代表的。逐步形成的权力，其基础是公民的自决实践，而不是其代表的自决实践。自由主义用一种实在论的观点对此提出了反驳意见，认为在民主法治国家中，来自人民的国家权力只能“通过选举和同意，由具体的立法机关、执法机关和司法机关来加以行使”(比如德国基本法第22款第2节的规定)。\n\n318\n\n包容他者","previous_page":317,"next_page":319}