{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"ab07c774-3ed2-48d8-8672-5c17d147d9d8","title":"哈贝马斯著作集 包容他者","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787208153554","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"ab07c774-3ed2-48d8-8672-5c17d147d9d8","id":"ab07c774-3ed2-48d8-8672-5c17d147d9d8","uuid":"ab07c774-3ed2-48d8-8672-5c17d147d9d8","title":"哈贝马斯著作集 包容他者","normalized_title":"哈贝马斯著作集包容他者","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787208153554","isbns":["9787208153554"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":389,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/ab07c774-3ed2-48d8-8672-5c17d147d9d8","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%93%88%E8%B4%9D%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF%E8%91%97%E4%BD%9C%E9%9B%86%20%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%B9%E4%BB%96%E8%80%85","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/ab07c774-3ed2-48d8-8672-5c17d147d9d8/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/ab07c774-3ed2-48d8-8672-5c17d147d9d8/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/ab07c774-3ed2-48d8-8672-5c17d147d9d8","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/ab07c774-3ed2-48d8-8672-5c17d147d9d8/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/ab07c774-3ed2-48d8-8672-5c17d147d9d8/search"},"page":{"printed_page":56,"pdf_page":65,"physical_index":65,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"9e631b55beeab281ad4fe9d3336481ccfc4c9e30aebe5b8c62d69747e742f9c3"},"chapter":"包容他者","content":"吉巴德认识到了这样一个问题的存在：从客观研究角度得出的结果，与话语参与者从他们自己的角度所信赖的合理结果是一致的。但他根本没有作出解释。我们不知道，规范话语的交往条件未必真实，为何却和自然进化机制同样具有“选择性”，并在集体生存过程中导致同样的结果。25\n\n5\n\n恩斯特·图根哈特没有绕弯子，对道德作出了功能主义解释，从而也就避免了这样做所引起的麻烦。图根哈特首先描述了道德规则系统一般是如何发挥功能的，我们合乎道德究竟需要有哪些动机(1)；然后又考察了在后形而上学前提下，我们应当合理选择哪种道德(2)。\n\n(1)和契约论不同，图根哈特的出发点是一个完善的道德共同体概念。其中包括觉得自己遵守了道德法则的人的自我理解；一个人觉得自己遵守了道德法则，也就意味着他具有了“良知”，表现出了道德情操，或有理由就道德判断作出讨论等。道德共同体的成员信以为自己“知道”“善”和“恶”在范畴意义上究竟意味着什么。完成了这个一揽子方案之后，图根哈特考察了，对于任意一个共同体的准成员来说，投身到这样一种道德实践当中，是否具有合理性。所谓投身到道德实践当中，就是成为一个道德共同体的合作成员：\n\n56\n\n包容他者","previous_page":55,"next_page":57}